4. GREENWOOD TOWNSHIP. F\ 217 



The eastern point of the hard Iron sandstone compels Co- 

 caiamns creek to make a long curve before assuming its 

 proper course. It crosses Pfoutz's valley just at the end of 

 the Iron sandstone outcrop. 



The Clinton fossil ore. 



The outcrop of this important group of rocks enters 

 Greenwood township from Juniata county about two miles 

 north of Millerstown, and ranging east to or perhaps across 

 Cocalamus creek turns and passes west southwest to the 

 Juniata river a few hundred yards north of Millerstown. 

 Few natural shows of it occur. The beds are chiefly soft 

 and weather down easily ; but the place of the ore is indi- 

 cated by harder ridges which sometimes form terraces along 

 the hillside. 



These beds of fossil ore extend across the whole township 

 below the surface under the red shale, but are mined only 

 where their outcrop occurs on the hillside ; and near the river 

 where they have been softened by water action and lie near 

 to the canal and railway. 



Many thousand tons of this soft fossil ore have been sent 

 from Millerstown during the past 15 years, chiefly to Read- 

 ing, Harrisburg, and Dry Valley, near Northumberland. 



Only the uppermost bed, the Sand- vein ore bed, is worked 

 on this side of the river. This is about a foot in thickness. 



The other beds may be readily found on the hillsides. 

 In many places they have been dug into at their outcrops, 

 and from some a considerable quantity of ore has been 

 taken. 



The details of the section in Fig. 3, p. 212, Plate XVIII, 

 were given me by Robert Cochran, Esq., of Millerstown, who 

 works the Sand-vein ore bed at this place. No attempt 

 has been made to drive further into the hill in quest of the 

 deeper beds. Their probable position may be learned from 

 the account given of the works of Mr. Rounsley on the 

 other side of the river, in Tuscarora township. 



The places where the greatest quantity of ore has been 

 mined are at the workings under the management of Mr. 



