220 F 2 . REPORT OF PROGRESS. E. \V. CLAYPOLE. 



proaches the line of Liverpool township, and the ridge is 

 consequently less steep and rugged ;' this change is however 

 more marked after crossing the line, and further notice of 

 it may be taken in the account of Liverpool township. 



The Genessee, Portage, and Chemung. 



A single broad outcrop of these olive green shales crosses 

 the township near the middle, forming a district of rounded, 

 rather steep ridges and hills often wooded, but commonly 

 cleared and cultivated. The land on these yellowish green 

 and olive beds is, as usual, very poor. 



The Chemung and Catskill, ( VIII and IX.) 



A broad belt of these rocks underlies much of the south- 

 ern part of Greenwood township, from the Juniata river 

 northeastward, making red ground. More than half 

 of Wild Cat valley consists of this kind of land. It forms 

 a rolling surface where the hills are not too steep for easy 

 farming, and the ground is much more productive than on 

 the light colored soils in the northern part of che valley. 



This belt of the old red sandstone skirts Buffalo mountain 

 on the north, its edge running nearly parallel to the road. 

 It dips steeply to the S. S. E., diving under the sandstone 

 of the mountain and reappearing to the south of Berry's 

 mountain in Howe and Buffalo townships. 



At the base of the Catskill group the Kingsmill white 

 sandstone which forms so prominent and interesting a fea- 

 ture in the geology of Wheatfield township may be traced 

 less distinctly in Greenwood. It is the same white or yel- 

 lowish material, but not so purely siliceous. The clay it 

 contains gives it greater toughness, and the scarcity of fos- 

 sils makes its presence less easy to demonstrate, but there 

 can be no doubt of the identity of the two beds. The only 

 place in Given wood township at which I have been able to 

 obtain its fossils is on the road leading north from the gap 

 and on the top of the ridge north of Wild Cat creek. This 

 ridge is apparently formed by the Kingsmill sandstone, and 

 numerous fragments lie on the surface. 



