7. JUNIATA TOWNSHIP. F 8 . 235 



7. Juniata township. 



Juniata township occupies a four-sided space intervening 

 between Tuscarora on the north, Oliver on the east, Centre 

 on the south, and Saville on the West. It measures about 

 seven miles in length by two and a half in average breadth 

 having an area of about twenty-five square miles. Its sur- 

 face though hilly is less ragged than that of its neighboring 

 townships, Tuscarora and Centre, and the greater part of it 

 is under cultivation. Middle ridge is the most conspicuous 

 feature. Ranging in a direction from east by north to west 

 by south its gentle slox)es are everywhere cleared of wood 

 and cultivated to their very tops. Along its top runs the 

 ridge road from Xewport westward through a farming 

 country without villages or hamlets. North and south of 

 this ridge the township is occupied by undulating land of 

 less height. 



Most of the small streams of this township coming from 

 Middle ridge and Hominy ridge make their way to the 

 Buffalo, which occupies the middle valley and conveys their 

 united waters into Oliver township. Those, however, that 

 rise on the southern slope of middle ridge flow down into 

 the Little Buffalo which enters the Juniata at Newport. 



The Buffalo enters Juniata from Saville and its course lies 

 nearly along the middle of the syncline of the Catskill 

 rocks. Xear Juniata it makes a remarkable sweep to the 

 north resembling that made by Sherman's creek in Wheat- 

 field township, and apparently for the same cause. The 

 stream has in its history struck against beds of hard green 

 and red sandstone which occur near the top of the Cats- 

 kill and by them has been deflected northward. Soon 

 meeting these same beds as they rise from the axis of the 

 syncline it was again turned from its course, this time to 



