10. MILLER TOWNSHIP. F 2 . 267 



are in the lower solid beds and few of them expose the fos- 

 siliferous Limestone shales. 



The third outcrop of the limestone in the township is an 

 isolated patch brought up by the Perry county fault on the 

 north side of Dick's hill. Part of the outcrop lies in Centre 

 township but it extends for about a mile in Miller township 

 and several quarries have been opened in it. These quar- 

 ries owing to the fault are all within a few hundred feet of 

 the Chemung shale. At the western line of the township 

 the .strata are overthrown so that the Marcellus shale over- 

 lies the Hamilton sandstone, but the dip changes and the 

 limestone, as explained elsewhere, soon disappears in con- 

 sequence of diminished throw. 



Tlie Oriskany sandstone. No. VII. 



The outcrops of the Oriskany sandstone in Miller town- 

 ship show traces of that complication which is so marked 

 a feature in the geology of Centre township. Beginning as 

 a simple anticlinal ridge in Watts and Buffalo where it is 

 raised by the limestone in the western end of Half Falls 

 mountain the Oriskany crosses the Juniata as a double 

 ridge, the southern line of which forms an almost complete 

 dam in the river. The effect of the northern line of outcrop 

 is much less strongly marked, probably because the water 

 is dammed back over it by the southern outcrop, which 

 will be described first. 



First outcrop. — Continuing in almost a straight line to 

 the west-southwest it runs nearly parallel with the New 

 Bloomfield and Bailevsbur«- road for some distance to Pine 

 Grove, where it passes close behind an ancient graveyard* 

 and a church and about a mile farther on enters Centre 

 township, where a gap in Mahanoy ridge allows the water 

 to pass to the southward. 



A second ridge of Oriskany sandstone appears along the 



*This graveyard, belonging to one of the three original Presbyterian 

 churches in the county, was built ten years before the Revolutionary War or 

 about 1766. The church has long been removed but the graveyard is still in 

 tolerable preservation. 



