

12. PENN TOWNSHIP. P. 285 



leave the valley. These excepted, there is no practicable 

 road from the outside world into this secluded district, 

 which is, as it were, a little world by itself. 



Cove mountain and Peters^ mountain are formed by the 

 outcropping edges of the Pocono sandstone above men- 

 tioned which descends on the north and passing under the 

 red shale at a depth of about 1000 feet rises again to the 

 south. The beds of sandstone in the northern side of the 

 syncline dip sharply to the southeast, in the southern side 

 they are nearly vertical, and at the eastern end of the range 

 are overthrown so as to dip at 5° to 10° to the south. The 

 sandstone is about 2000 feet thick, and owing to this and 

 its great hardness the mountains composed of it take rank 

 among the first in the county, rivaling those formed by the 

 Medina and Oneida sandstones. 



The slopes of the mountain are steep and wooded on both 

 sides, and for the most part covered with the wreckage of 

 the sandstone which is especially abundant and heavy near 

 the Susquehanna gap. 



Tlie Chemung- Cat skill, and Cat skill, No. IX. 



The northern portion of Penn township consists of the 

 Catskill sandstone dipping for the most part to the south- 

 east but containing several indistinct folds which run in 

 from the opposite side of the river. The area of red rocks 

 exposed in the township is consequently very large and 

 their thickness amounts to about 6000 feet. 



The Catskill rocks here resemble those in other parts of 

 the county, as described in the general report. The lower 

 portions or passage beds have proved, however, more inter- 

 esting than at any other similar exposure. Here occurs the 

 richly fossiliferous horizon which has yielded the fossils of 

 which an account may be found in the volume on the 

 palaeontology and the stratigrajmical details of which are 

 given below. 



The base of the Chemung-Catskill rocks lies in Wheat- 

 field township, and the line separating it from the Chemung 

 may be drawn more or less indistinctly across from the Ju- 

 niata river about half a mile south of Losli's run to the 



