oreastrum IOXACTIS COMPOSITE 313 



MACHJSRANTHRA 



5 toothed and the teeth erect. Style-branches filiform to subu- 

 late-linear, strongly hirsutulous. Achenes subterete, distinctly 

 5-8costate. Pappus a single series of brownish barbell ate-scab- 

 rous and rather fragile or deciduous bristles. 



0. alpigrenum Greene I. c. 147. Aster alpigenus Gray Aster pulchel- 

 lus Eatonf . Scapiform stems spreading and as -urgent, 2-4 inches long to- 

 mentose at the summit : radical leaves from lingulate-spatulate to narrowly 

 linear, glabrous, obtuse, nerveless, 1-3 inches long, 3-4 lines wide near the 

 apex : heads broad, fully 6 lines high and broad: bracts of tbe involucre 

 not very unequal, usually pubescent, linear, acute: rays purple, 6-8 lines 

 loDg, style- appendages linear-subulate: achenes linear, striate glabrate be- 

 low, hirsute near the top. On the highest peaks of the Cascade moun- 

 tains, 



0. Andersoni Greene 1. c. Aster Andersoni Gray. Scapiform stems 

 erect, 8-14 inches high : radical leaves lingulate-linear or slightly broader 

 upward, grass-like, mostly acute, 2-10 inches long, 2-3 lines broad, nervose 

 when dry glabrous ; upper cauline reduced to scattered subulate bracts: 

 heads broad, fully half inch high and wide: bracts of the involucre linear, 

 acutish, rather loose, often tomentulose when young: style appendages fili- 

 form: rays rather numerous, purple or violet: achenes oblong-linear, soft 

 villous. In wet mountain meadows. Coast mountains, near Waldo, Ore- 

 gon, and along the whole length of the Sierra Nevadas. 



19 a IONACTIS Greene Pitt, hi, 245. 



Low tufted perennials, often lignescent at base, never stolonif- 

 erous, or with radical leaves. Stems clothed equally with nar- 

 row, rigid, one nerved and veinless leaves and terminating in one 

 or more showy heads with violet rays. Involucre of well imbri- 

 cated bracts of coriaceous texture without herbaceous tips, ap- 

 pressed even to the tips. Achenes narrow, villous. Pappus 

 double the more copious inner series bristly, the outer short and 

 setulose. 



1. alpina Greene 1. c. Aster Scopnlorum Gray. Stems several from a 

 suffrutescent base, simple tomentose-pubescent, naked at the summit 3-4 

 inches high: leaves crowded, erect, linear-oblong, mucronulate, rather 

 rigid scabrous, 1-nerved, flat, with cartilaginous minutely serrulate-scab- 

 rious margins, about 5 lines long, by 1-2 lines broad: heads solitary, 4-6 

 lines high ; bracts of the henr spherical involucre linear, acute, 1-nerved, 

 with scabrious margins, pubescent, imbricated in about 3 series : rays vio- 

 let, 12-15 : exterior pappus of rather numerous setaceous bristles. Style 

 appendages subulate'-linear as long as the stigmatic portion : achenes com- 

 pressed, silky-villous. On high rocky ridges of Southeastern Oregon to 

 the Rocky mountains. 



I. stenomeres Greene 1. c. Aster stenomeres Gray. "More slender, 6-10 

 inches high, green, minutely scabrous : solitary, naked pedunculate head 

 larger: leaves all linear, (half to full inch long, a line widej, acutely mu- 

 cronate, hardly margined : involucre broad ; its bracts barely in two mod- 

 erately unequal series, linear, acute or acuminate, thinnish, often pubes- 

 cent : rays pale violet, over half inch long; outer pappus setulose. style-ap- 

 pendages elongated, subulate-linear or narrower: achenes flat, with strong 

 marginal nerves. On Rocky mountains of Montana and Idaho " 



20 MACHvERANTHRANeefi. Ast. 224. 



Annual biennial, of pftr&niiM divaricately b?&ft6bM hefbs with 



