360 COMPOSITE GAILLAKDIA 



with short narrow tube, enlarged cylindraceous throat and 5 ovate- 

 triangular to subulate teeth or lobes which are beset with jointed 

 hairs. Style-branches with a penicillate tuft at the summit of 

 the stigmatic portion, thence produced into a filiform or shorter 

 appendage. Keceptacle convex to globose, beset with setiform 

 or subulate or rarely small dentiform timbrillse among the flowers. 

 Achenes turbinate, 5-costate, covered with long villous hairs 

 which usually rise only from its base. Pappus conspicuous, lon- 

 ger than the achene, of 5-10 hyaline-scarious scales, with a costa 

 mostly excurrent into an awn. 



0. aristata Pursh Fl. ii, 573. Pubescent with jointed hairs : stems 1-2 

 feet high, few to many from the crown of a thick perennial root : leaves of 

 firm texture, lanceolate or broader, or the lower spatulate, from entfre to 

 laciniate-dentate or sinuate-pinnatifid mostly obtuse, 2-5 inches long: 

 bracts of the involucre lanceolate or narrower, callous at base, more or less 

 hirsute ; rays all yellow, in the larger heads 18 lines long, neutral ; disk- 

 corollas brown, the subulate acute lobes tapped with a seta or cusp, extern- 

 ally beset with long hairs; scales of the pappus slender-awned: fimbrillae 

 of the receptacle setiform, surpassing the villous achenes. Stream-banks 

 and plains, Brit. Columbia to California and Minnesota. 



Tribe vi. ANTHEMIDE& Cass. Opusc. Hi, 161. Heads homo- 

 gamous with the flowers all tubular and hermaphrodite or more 

 commonly heterogamous with the pistillate flowers ligulate and radiate 

 or sometimes with corolla reduced to a tube, or obsolete. Receptacle 

 either naked or with some chaffy bracts. Bracts of the involucre im- 

 bricated, wholly or partly dry and scarious or scale-like, not foliace- 

 ous, seldom herbaceous. Anthers without tails at base. Style-bran- 

 ches of the hermaphrodite flowers truncate, and sometimes with obscure 

 conical tips. Achenes usually small and short, with no pappus, or 

 a paleaceous crown, or a circle of squamellse. 



* Receptacle with chaffy bracts subtending" some or all of the disk- 

 flowers: heads radiate or the rays wanting in certain species : involucre 

 of comparatively small imbricated bracts, the outer successively shor- 

 ter : receptacle convex to oblong : style-branches truncate-penicillate 



70 Anthemis Involucre broad : rays large : achenes 4-5-angled or 8-10- 

 ribbed, 



71 Achillea Involucre narrow: rays small: achenes obcompressd. 



* * Receptacle without chaff or bracts among the flowers. 



-«- Heads comparatively large, radiate, or rarely discoid, pedunculate 

 and solitary at the summit of the branches. 



72 Matricaria Flowers in our species all alike and perfect : receptacle 

 high-conical : achenes angled, truncate at the apex. 



73 Chrysanthemum Rays numerous and conspicuous : receptacle flat or 

 convex: achenes several ribbed or angled. 



+- *- Heads sessile, discoid, heterogamous; pistillate flowers most 

 numerous, apetalous, their achenes pointed with an indurated persis- 

 tent style. 



74 Soliva Rays none: receptacle flat: achenes obcom pressed, with 



