TETBADYMIA COMPOSITE 371 



RAILLARDELLA 



than the short campanulate throat. Anthers wholly exserted, 

 acutely and even caudately sagittate at base ; the tips triangular- 

 lanceolate. Style-branches flattish, the truncate and minutely 

 penicillate tips terminated by a very short and low obtuse cone. 

 Achenes terete, short, obscurely 5-nerved. Pappus of fine and 

 soft minutely scabrous capillary white or whitish long bristles. 



§ 1 eutetradymia T. & G. FL ii, 447. Involucre '4-flowered, 

 of 4-5 bracts. Pappus extremely copious. Achenes either very 

 villous, glabrate or glabrous, varying even in the same species 



T. canescens DC Prodr. vi, 540. A noary sb-ab 1-2 feet high, perm- 

 anently canesi-ent with a dense and close tomer.uum, unarmed, fastigiately 

 branched: leaves from narrowly linear to spatulate-lanceolate, an inch 

 or less long: heads 6-9 lines high, most of them short-pedunculate. Dry 

 hills and plains, Brit. Columbia to California and New Mex. east of the 

 Cascade Mountains. 



T. glabrata Gray Pacif. R. Rep. ii, 122, t. 5. Shrub 1-4 feet high 

 with slender spreading branches; whitened with loose at length deciduous 

 tomentum : leaves at length nake i and green, primary ones slender-subu- 

 late, cuspidate, on young shoots appressed, 6 lines long; those of the fasci- 

 cles in their axils spatulate-linear, fleshy, pointless: heads mostly short- 

 pedunculate; involucre often glabrate: achenes, so far as known , very 

 villous. Southeastern Oregon to Eastern California and Utah. 



T. Xuttallii T. & G. Fl. ii, 447 Shrub 2-3 feet high, much branched, 

 woolly when young, canescent : primary leaves mostly converted into sub- 

 ulate spines; the others denselv fascicled in their axils thickish, linear- 

 spatulate, obtuse, half inch long, about equalling the spines: heads fasci- 

 cled and in corymbose clusters on very short peduncles. Southern Idaho 

 and Utah. 



§ 2 Lagothamnus T. & G. 1. c. 448. Involucre 5-9 -flowered, 

 of 5 or 6 broader bracts. Proper pappus reduced nearly or quite 

 to a single series of bristles which are covered by a false pappus 

 of extremely long very soft and white woolly hairs which dense- 

 ly clothe the achenes. 



T. spiiiosa H & A Bot. Beech. 36J. Shrub 2-4 feet high ; at least the 

 branches densely white-tomentose ; branches divaricate, rigid, bearing 

 rigid straight or recurved spines in place of primary leaves; secondary 

 leaves fascicled in their axils, snia'l, fleshy, linear-clavate, glabrous or 

 glabrate: heads scattered, peduncu ate, fully 6 lines high: pappus of com- 

 paratively rigid capillary bristles surpassing the wool of the achene. Dry 

 plains, eastern Oregon and Idaho to Utah California and Arizona. 



-«-•*" +- Involucre of several connivent-erect herbaceous equal 

 bracts, many-flowered. Ours herbs with the flowers all fertile. 



84 RAILLARDELLA Gray Proc Am. Acad, vi, 550, 



Acaulescent herbs with stout creeping rootstocks, bearing tufts 

 of entire radical leaves and a simple naked scape terminated by 

 a ^ ingle large head of yellow flowers. Head several- to many- 

 flowered, homogamous ; the flowers all fertile. Involucre naked 

 at base ; of 6-14 linear equal bracts in a single series, lightly 

 united into a cup to or above the middle. Receptacle naked, flat 



