388 COMPOSITE lapsana 



C1CHORIDM 



112 Lactuca Achenes with a beak or narrowed summit: pappus- bristles 

 falling separately. 



113 Sonchus Achenes without beak or neck: pappus of very soft and 

 fine bristles which fall more or less in connection, and commonly one 

 or two stouter ones that fall separately. 



93 LAPSANA L. Gen. n. 919 

 Erect paniculately branching annual herbs with alternate 

 leaves and small heads of yellow flowers. Involucre nearly cy- 

 lindric, its principal bracts nearly equal, and with a few exterior 

 small ones at base : Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate 5- 

 toothed at the apex. Anther sagittate at base. Style-branches 

 slender. Achenes 20-30-nerved, somewhat flattened, with 

 rounded apex and small areola. Pappus none. 



L. communis L. Sp. 811. Stems 1-4 feet high, paniculately branched, 

 glabrous above more or less hispid-pubescent below: lower leaves ovate, 

 repand-dentate, obtuse, thm, pubescent or glabrate, petioJed, 2-4 inches 

 long, often with 2-6 lobes on the petiole; the uppermost oblong or lanceo- 

 late, sessile, acute, much smaller, mostly entire: heads very numerous, 3- 

 6 lines broad, loosely paniculate : involucre oblong-eylindric, 2-3 lines high 

 of about 8 linear glaucous connate principal bracts and several very small 

 outer ones Along road cddes and moist places, Oregon and the Eastern 

 States. Naturalized from Europe. 



94 CICHORIUM TOURN. L. Gen. n. 921. 



Erect branching herbs with alternate and radical leaves and 

 large heads of blue, purple, pink or white flowers panicled or in 

 sessile clusters along the stem. Heads several to many-flowered 

 Involucre of 2 series of herbaceous bracts with coriaceous or in- 

 durated base ; the outer somewhat spreading; the inner sub- 

 tending and partly enclosing the outer achenes. Receptacle flat, 

 naked or slightly fimbrillate. Anthers sagittate at base. Style- 

 branches slender, obtusish. Achenes somewhat angled ; the 

 broad summit bordered with a crown-like pappus of numerous 

 short and blunt palese in 2 or more series. 



C. intybus L. Sp. 813 (chicory) Perennial from a long deep tap- 

 root: stems 1-3 feet high, with stout, rigid branches, more or less hirsute, 

 at least below : radical leaves spatulate in outline, runcinate-pinnatifid, 3-6 

 inches long, narrowed into long petioles ; cauline oblong or lanceolate, com- 

 monly dentate, those of the flowering branches mostly reduced and scale- 

 like, subtending solitary or clustered sessile heads, or some heads raised 

 on fistulous peduncles : flowers sky-blue, varying to purple or white, open 

 only at night or in cloudy weather. Roadsides and waste places. 



96 PTILORIA Raf. Atl. Journ. 145, 1832. 

 STEPHANOMERIA Nutt. 



Smooth and glabrous herbs with branching or virgate often 

 rigid or rush-like stems, small or scale-like leaves on the flower- 

 ing branches, and usually paniculate small or middle-sized heads 

 of white to pink flowers that open only at night or on cloudy days. 

 Heads 3-20-flowered. Involucre cylindraceous or oblong, of sev- 

 eral appressed and equal plain bracts and some short calyculate 



