AR3TOSTAPHYLO s ERCICE.E 415 



a trunk 6-30 inches in diameter: bark close and smooth by exfoliation, on 

 large trees becoming rough near the base, turning brownish-red : leaves 

 oval or oblong, entire or serrulate, green with more or less red veins above, 

 pale and finely reticulated beneath, 3-5 inches long by 1-3 inches broad, 

 tirm-coriaceous : branches of the panicle minutely pubescent: calyx-lobes 

 broadly ovate, about a line long: corolla globular, 3-5 lines long: berries 

 somewhat drupaceous, reddish-orange, 3-5 lines in diameter On dry hill- 

 sides, Vancouver Island to southern California: west of the Cascade *Mts. 



2 ARCTOSTAPYLOS Adans. Fam. PL ii, 165. (Manz\nita.) 



Shrubs or small trees with alternate broad coriaceous evergreen 

 leaves which are usually vertical by a twist of the petiole, and 

 small white to light red flowers in terminal, usually pendulous, 

 racemes or panicles. Pedicels bracteate and bracteolate. Calyx 

 deeply 5-parted. Corolla urn-shaped, with 4 or 5 recurved lobes. 

 Stamens 8 or 10 ; filaments dilated and hairy at base ; anthers 

 with 2 reflexed awns on the back, the cells opening by a hole at 

 the top. Ovary 4-10-celled, with a single pendulous ovule in 

 each cell, in fruit becoming a 4-10-celled, and by abortion, 1-7- 

 seeded stone or patumen, or the cells distinct or more or less co- 

 alescent at the ventral edge. Seeds with a slender erect radical 

 and small cotyledons in fleshy albumen. 



* Depressed and trailing or creeping, green, glabrous or minutely 

 pubescent, no bristly hairs : flowers rather few in simple small clusters : 

 ovary and fruit glabrous: nutlets 1-nerved on the back. 



A. Uva-ursi Spreng. Syst. ii, 287. ( Kinniklnic. ) Diffusely much 

 branched and rooting at the nodes, forming depressed patches several feet 

 in diameter from a single main root: leaves oblong-spatulate, obtuse or re- 

 tuse, an inch or less long, tapering into a short petiole, bracts ovate, acute, 

 somewhat foliaceous: flowers few, in short racemes, white; corolla ovoid, 

 constricted at the throat, about 2 lines long: drupe globose, red, glabrous, 

 3-5 lines in diameter, containing 5 coalescent nutlets. In open woods, 

 California to the Arctic Circle and across the Continent. 



A. intermedia Greene Pitt, ii, 171. Diffusely branching, the main 

 divisions of the stem procumbent, a foot or two long; leafy branches as- 

 cending or erect, less than a foot high : leaves obovate-cuneiform, about an 

 inch long, obtuse, puberulent beneath : racemes terminal, subsessile, few- 

 flowered : fruit globose, slightly depressed, 3-4 lines in diameter ; nutlets 

 5-7, firmly consolidated. On dry gravelly ground, Mason Co. Washington. 



A. Nevadensis Gray Syn. Fl. ii. 27. Stems loosely branching from 

 the base, the branches decumbent, 1-2 feet long: leaves ovate or oval to 

 lanceolate-spatnlate, cuspidate-mucronate, abruptly petioled, 6-12 lines 

 long: racemes few-flowered: corolla white, oblong, 2-4 lines long : drupes 

 dull red, 3-4 lines in diameter: nutlets mostly separate. On the high 

 mountains, Washington to California. 



* * Erect low shrubs : leaves at most an inch long : flowers on short, 

 mostly clustered, racemes or spikes, only a line or two long. 



A. hispidula. Stems 4-6 feet high, with very dark colored bark, 

 rather strictly branched; branchlets glandular-hL«pidulous, very leafy: 

 leaves oblong or oblong-ovate or some oblong-lanceolate, with indistinct 

 cartilaginous margins acute at both ends, cuspidate, green and glabrous, 

 with round pubescent petioles : bracts glabrous, triangular with a very 

 broad base, acuminate, not foliaceous: pedicels glabrous, longer than the 



