426 PYROLACEJE moneses 



CHIMAPHILA 



slender scape. Calyx 4-5-parted, persistent. Petals 4 or 5, 

 widely spreading, sessile. Stamens 8 or 10, glabrous : anthers 

 2-beaked at the base, reversed when mature, each cell opening by 

 a basal but apparently apical pore. Style straight : stigma pel- 

 tate, large, with 4 or 5 narrow lobes. Capsule subglobose, 4-5- 

 lobed, 4-5-celled, loculicidally 4-5-valved from the summit; the 

 valves glabrous on the margins. Seeds numerous, minute, the 

 testa reticulated, produced at both ends. 



M. uniflora Gray Man. 273. Stem very short and decumbent, leafy : 

 leaves orbicular to ovate, petioled, serrulate, 6-20 lines long : scape 2-6 

 inches high : flower white to rose-color, 6-10 lines broad : calyx-lobes ovate, 

 obtuse, about one-fifth the length of the broadly ovate or orbicular petals : 

 capsule erect, 3-4 lines in diameter. In forests, Oregon to Alaska and 

 across the Continent. Europe and Asia. 



3 CHIMAPHILA Pursh Fl. i, 279. 



Low perennials with opposite or verticillate evergreen leaves 

 and spreading or nodding white or purplish flowers in terminal 

 corymbs. Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft, persistent. Petals 5, con- 

 cave, sessile, spreading or recurved. Stamens 10; filaments 

 short, dilated, and mostly hairy in the middle ; cells of the anthers 

 oblong, with a short narrow neck. Style very short, obconic, 

 immersed in the umbilicate summit of the globose ovary : stigma 

 orbicular-peltate, barely 5-crenate. Capsule erect, globose, 5-lob- 

 ed, 5-celled, loculicidally 5-valved from the top, the valves not 

 woolly on the margins. Seeds very numerous, the testa reticu- 

 lated, produced at both ends. 



C. umbellata Nutt. Gen. i, 274. Stem stout, 4-12 inches high, very 

 leafy, often branched: leaves cuneate-oblanceolate with tapering base, 

 sharply serrate, not spotted, bright green and shining, 1-3 inches long : 

 flowers several, umbellate or subcorymbose, white or pinkish : bracts nar- 

 row, deciduous : filaments hairy on the margins only. In dry woods, 

 California to Alaska and across the Continent. 



C. Menziesii Spreng. Syst. ii, 317. Slender, 3-10 inches high, spar- 

 ingly branched from the base : leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute at both ends, small, sharply serrate, the upper surface often mottled 

 with white : peduncle 1-3-flowered : bracts ovate or roundish : filaments 

 slender, with a round dilated portion in the middle villous : flowers about 

 half-inch in diameter; petals dull white. In forests, California to Brit. Col. 



Order LVI. MONOTROPACE.E Lindl. Nat. Syst. ed. 2, 219- 



Leafless fleshy herbs with the flowers in spikes, racemes, 

 capitate, or solitary. Flowers regular and perfect. Calyx of 

 2-6 erect lobes or segments or imbricated sepals, free from the 

 ovary. Corolla 4-5-lobed, or of 3-6 petals, rarely wanting, 

 imbricated. Stamens 6-12, hypogynous: filaments equal, dis- 

 tinct, or connate at base : anthers 2-celled, or confidently 1- 

 celled, attached to the filaments by the back or base, opening 

 by longitudinal slits: pollen grains simple. Style short or 

 longated: stigma capitate or peltate. Ovary superior, 4-6- 



