672 NAIADACE^E zosteka 



PHYLI-OSPADIX 



stems, long grass-like entire few-nerved leaves and inconspicuous 

 flowers on an enclosed spadix. Flowers monoecious, without 

 perianth, the single stamens and ovaries arranged alternately in 2 

 rows upon the face of a linear-oblong leaf-like sessile spadix en- 

 closed in the dilated membranous base of a leaf. Anther 1-celled, 

 sessile ; pollen thread-like, Ovary attached near its apex, beaked 

 by a short style with 2 linear deciduous stigmas, with a single 

 pendulous orthotropous ovule. Fruit utricular, oblong. Seed 

 with subcrustaceous testa. Embryo split longitudinally and en- 

 closing the long linear curved plumule. 



Z. marina L. Sp. 968. Stems rather fleshy, 1-7 feet long: leaves rib- 

 bon-like, obtuse at the apex, 1-8 feet long, 2-4 lines wide, with 3-7 principal 

 nerves; spadix 1-3 inches long: flowers crowded, usually from 10-20 of each 

 kind on the spadix : at anthesis the stigmas are thrust through the opening 

 of the spathe and drop off before the anthers of the same spadix open : 

 the anthers at maturity work their way out ^nd shed their glutinous stringy 

 pollen into the water: seeds cylindric, strongly about 20 ribbed, about \% 

 lines long, truncate at both ends. In bays and streams along the coast, 

 Alaska to California and on the Atlantic coast and Europe. 



Z. latifolia Morong, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii, 63. Rootstocks very 

 thick : stems stout 2-10 feet long: leaves 2-4 feet long, 3-6 lines wide, the 

 broadest 10-13-nerved: spadix 2-3 inches long: fruit 13^-2 lines long, 

 cylindric, with a straight beak as long as itsself and attached to the spadix 

 by a short stipe, distinctly 20-25-costate. In bays, Puget Sound to Calif. 



3 PHYLLOSPADIX Hook. Fl. ii, 171. 



Perennial marine herbs with thick rootstocks, slender stems' 

 elongated linear leaves and inconspicuous dioecious flowers on a 

 spadix. Staminate flowers of numerous sessile anthers in 2 rows 

 crowded upon a apadix. Anthers 1-celled dehiscing by a vertical 

 slit, dorsally attached near the middle : pollen thread-like. Pis- 

 tillate flowers of sessile ovaries attached above the base, attenuate 

 into a short style. Stigmas 2, capillary. Fruit a coriaceous 

 utricle. 



P. Scouleri Hook. 1. c. Stems very stout, an inch or two high, bear- 

 ing solitary spathes : leaves 2-6 feet long, 1-2 lines wide, 3-nerved, with 

 many fine striae between the nerves : spadix appendages on both kinds of 

 flowers elliptical, about 6 lines long; fruit broadly flattened, the lobes 

 half as broad as the body. On rocks that are exposed at low tide along the 

 coast, Oregon to Alaska. 



4 LIL#:A Humb. & Bonpl. PL Ag. i, 221. (1808.) 



Annual acaulescent paludose plants with terete leaves and 

 dimorphous flowers sessile among the leaves and in heads on sim- 

 ple scapes. Staminate and pistillate flowers in the same or separ- 

 ate heads, without perianth. Stamens solitary. Anthers nearly 

 sessile, rounded, 2-celled, subtended by a hyaline bract. Ovaries 

 naked, sessile and erect in the axils of the leaves with very long 

 styles and in heads on exserted scapes with short styles. 1-celled 

 and 1-ovuled. Stigma capitate. Fruit coriaceous, ovoid, inde- 

 hiscent, compressed and ribbed, the upper narrowly winged, the 



