684 .TUNC ACE & juncus 



ed, 7-30 inches high, erect: sheaths of the leaves with well developed 

 ligules, the blades about % the length of the stem, flat, usually involute: 

 spathe much longer than the inflorescence, usually involute : panicle con- 

 gested into a turbinate cluster, an inch long : perianth-segments ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, brown with green midrib: stamens 6, the anthers shorter 

 than the filaments: capsule oblong, equalling the perianth, retuse, com- 

 pletely 3-celled : seeds light brown. In meadows, eastern Washington to 

 Montana and Colorado. 



+* ++ Stems more or less leafy ; the leaves flat and grass-like, not 

 equitant: flowers clustered. 



J. falcatus E. Meyer Reliq. Haenk. 144. Bright green: stems slender, 

 6-18 inches high, from slender stoloniferous rootstocks : leaves usually 

 equalling or exceeding the stem, 1-2 lines wide, the open somewhat oblique 

 sheaths without ligules : spathe short : heads usually 1-5, 1-10-flowered : 

 perianth-segments brown with bright green midrib, 2-3 lines long, ovate, 

 the outer shortly acuminate, the inner obtuse: anthers much shorter than 

 the filaments: capsule ovate, obtuse, apiculate, as long or longer than the 

 perianth, almost black, 3-celled: seeds oblong-ovate, obtuse, % line long, 

 with loose pale testa, longitudinally reticulated. In springy places along 

 mountain streams, California to Alaska. 



J. longistylis Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 223. Stems rather stout, 

 1-2 feet high, from stout stoloniferous rootstocks: leaves 6-12 inches long, 

 the sheaths with distinct ligules: spathe narrow. 2-4 inches long: heads 

 5-20, in a sparingly branched panicle, few- to several-flowered : perianth - 

 segments pale brown with green midrib and hyaline margins, about 3 lines 

 long, lanceolate, acute or the outer ones acuminate : anthers much longer 

 than the filaments : style about a line long : capsule brown, oblong, about 

 half as long as the perianth, angled above, obtuse or depressed at the sum- 

 mit, 3-celled : seeds light brown, % line long. In wet places. Washington 

 to California. 



* * * Leafy-stemmed perennials : leaves terete or laterally flattened, 

 more or less distinctly knotted by internal partitions: flowers capitate. 



■*- Leaves terete or only slightlv compressed. 



J, Richardsonianus Schult. in R. <fc S. Syst. vi, 201. Stems erect, 

 6-20 inches high, in loose tufts from creeping rootstocks, 1-2-leaved below 

 the middle: panicle 3-8 inches high, its branches strict or slightly spread- 

 ing: heads 3-12-flowered : perianth-segments unequal, the outer ones pale, 

 obtuse, mucronate or acute; the inner ones shorter, obtuse, stamens 6; 

 the anthers much shorter than the filaments: capsule ovoid-oblong, slight- 

 ly exceeding the perianth, acute or obtuse, with a short tip : seeds about 

 % line long, narrowly obovoid to oblong, apiculate, acute or acuminate at 

 base. Idaho to Brit. Columbia and across the Continent. 



J. dubious Engelm. 1. c. 459. Stems rather stout, 2-4 feet high, from 

 stout horizontal rootstocks, several-leaved : leaves narrow, often equalling 

 or exceeding the stem, the sheaths with scarious margins: panicle com- 

 pound, diffuse, 3-12 inches long : heads numerous, 6-20-flowered : perianth- 

 segments brown or brownish, about 2 lines long, lanceolate, acuminate: 

 stamens 6, the anthers elongated, longer than the filaments: capsule nar- 

 row, acuminate, shorter than the perianth : seeds ovate, rather abruptly 

 acuminate at each end, brownish. In marshes, Oregon to California. 



J. nodosus L. Sp. 466. Stems slender, 6 inches to 2 feet high, arising 

 singly from tuber -like thickenings of a slender rootstock : leaves narrow, 

 the upper one often exceeding the inflorescence : panicle 1-3 inches long, 

 bearing 1-30 spherical 8-20-flowered heads : perianth-segments usually 



line long, the inner 



