carex CYPERACE/E 703 



inate spikes 2-3, prominently peduncled; pistillate spikes about 4, 2-4 inches 

 long, cernuous or somewhat bent, the uppers* on peduncles 6-12 lines long, 

 and usually staminate above, the lowest very long-peduncled: perigynia nar- 

 rowly elliptic or elliptic-oblong, conspicuously granulate when mature, pro- 

 duced into a slender and entire beak, shorter than the linear-lanceolate muti- 

 cose dull brown scale. In swamps along the coast, from the mouth of the 

 Columbia river to Alaska. 



§ 5 Ferrugine^e Tuckerman Enum. M e th. 12. Plants smal- 

 ler : Spikes small, an inch or less long, the upper ones often and- 

 rogynous : perigynium tapering into a conspicuous point, often 

 rough on. the angles, dark-colored : bracts conspicuously sheath- 

 ing: stigmas usually 3. 



C. frigida All. Fl. Ped. ii, 270. Stems 8-20 inches high, leafy at base: 

 leaves shorter than the stem: spikes 4-8, rusty-black, oblong, the terminal 

 one staminate, the others pistillate, the upper contiguous and sessile, the 

 lower remote and exserted on a long peduncle: bracts shorter than the stem: 

 perigynia triangular, lanceolate, tapering to a beak, bifid at the orifice, 

 hispid on the margins longer than the ovate accuminate mucronate scale. 

 In wet prairies on the high mountains, Washington to California and Utah. 



C. luzulaefolia W. Boott. Bot. Cal. ii, 250. Stems 2-3 feet high, obtusely 

 angled, smooth 1 or 2 leaved at or below the middle, many-leaved at base: 

 leaves 4-10 inches long, 2-4 lines wide, acuminate to a sharp rough irregu- 

 lar point, much shorter than the stem bracts tapering to a short sharp point, 

 shorter than the peduncles: spikes 3-6, the upper 1-3 staminate, clavate or 

 obovoid, 3-6 lines long, 1-3 lines thick, often crowded so closely [as to ap- 

 pear as a single one, the others pistillate, clavate, 6-14 lines long, 2 lines 

 thick, the upper often sessile at the base of the staminate, the others all re- 

 mote on exserted scabrous peduncles 2-6 inches long: scales purple or pale 

 in the middle, oblong to lanceolate, ciliate obtuse or acute or roughly cus- 

 pidate: perigynia tawny or purple, oval to lanceolate, acuminate to along cy- 

 lindrical bidentate beak, stipitate, smooth, longer and broader than the scale. 

 In the high mountains, California to southern Oregon. 



§ 6 Pendulin;E Fries Corp. 190. Bracts sheathless: perigyn- 

 ium whitish, more or less granulated, nearly pointless. 



C. limosa L. Sp. 977. Stems slender, rough above, erect, 10 inches to 2 

 feet high: leaves a line wide, or less, shorter than the stem: bracts linear- 

 filiform the lower % to 2 inches long: staminate spike solitary on a long pe- 

 duncle: pistillate spikes 1 or 2 on filiform peduncles, drooping, oblong 5-10 

 lines long about 3 lines thick: perigynia pale. oval, narrowed atboth endsl)^ 

 lines long, tipped with a minute entire beak, about as long as the oval green 

 or purplish-brown acute or cuspidate scale. In bogs, Idaho to New Jersey 

 and the Atlantic regions: also in Europe. 



Tribe iv Hymenochl^en^: Drejer Symb. Car. 10. Staminate 

 spikes several or many, mostly loosely flowered and on filiform 

 nodding peduncles Perigynia mostly light green or whitish, thin- 

 membranaceous, mostly somewhat inflated, commonly smooth 

 and shining, tapering gradually into a minutely 2-toothed beak. 



C, capillaris L. Sp. 977. Stems slender or filiform, smooth, or 

 roughish above, erect, 2-14 inches high: leaves %-\ line wide, much shorter 

 than the stem, flat or somewhat involute in drying, roughish: bracts all with 

 sheathing base: spikes all on filiform peduncles, the terminal one staminate; 



