708 CYPERACE^ carki 



globular or short-oblong, staminate at top. Perigynia straw- 

 color, papery, more or less inflated. Stamens 3. 



C. Breweri Boott 111. 142, t, 455. Rootstock creeping, stoloniferous : 

 stems 5-18 inches high, obtusely angled, smooth, leafy at base: leaves rig- 

 id, filiform, the cauline shorter than the stem: spikes dark fulvous or 

 chestnut-color, oval or ovate, 6-12 lines long, 4-6 lines thick, naked : sta- 

 minate flowers few: perigynia oval, much inflated and very thin, with a 

 very short obliquely cut entire beak, longer and broader than the hyaline- 

 margined scale. Alpine, California to Washington. 



Subgenus ii VIGNE^E Koch Syl. Fl. Germ. 748. 



Staminate flowers few and inconspicuous, borne at the base or 

 apex of the spikes. Pistillate flowers in one to several short and 

 sessile spikes which are commonly more or less aggregated into 

 heads or even panicles: Crossection of the perigynium plano- 

 convex in outline. Styles 2. Achenes lenticular. 



Tribe xii Acroarrhen;e Fries Summa. 73. Staminate flow- 

 ers borne at the top of the spikes, or the spikes wholly staminate 

 or the plants sometimes dioecious. 



§ 1 Fcetid^: Tuckerm. Enum. Meth. 10. Spikes tawny or 

 brown, not elongated, very densely aggregated into a continuous 

 globose somewhat chaffy head. Perigynium ovate or ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, nerveless or nearly so, mostly thin in texture. 



C. vernacula Bail. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club xx, 417. Stems rather stout, 

 triangular, 3-30 inches high, leafy at base: leaves flat, 1-2 lines wide, 1-4 

 inches long : bract leaf-like, sometimes much longer than the inflorescence : 

 spikes congested into a head 6-20 lines long by 3-8 lines thick, of numerous 

 small roundish ferruginous spikelets, the lower often distinct : scales ovate, 

 acute, cuspidate : perigynia ovate, contracted below to a short stipe and 

 above to a stout bidentate beak, longer than the scale. In the high moun- 

 tains, Washington to California and the Rocky Mountains. 



C. Hoodii Boott Hook. Fl. ii, 211, t. 211. Stems slender, erect, 1-2 

 feet high longer than the leaves: spikes several to many, very few-flowered, 

 in a dense ovoid or oblong head 6-9 lines long : perigynia spreading, small 

 and narrow, gradually contracted at both ends, green, nerveless or nearly 

 so, conspicuously winged, rough on the angles, about the length of the 

 brown or tawny scales. Oregon and Washington to Montana. 



Tar, nervosa Bailey Mem. Torr. Bot. Club i, 14. Very tall and 

 slender, 2-3 feet high : head looser: perigynia more conspicuously winged 

 on the outer face. In woods near the coast, Puget Sound to California. 



§ 2 Vulpina Kunth Enum. PI. ii, 383. Spikelets mostly 

 yellow or tawny when mature, densely aggregated or sometimes 

 somewhat scattered below or even panicled. Perigynia thick in 

 texture, spongy at base, mostly stipitate, conspicuously nerved. 



C. Jonesii Bailey Mem. Torr. Club i, 16. Stems slender, erect, some- 

 what stiff, 7-18 inches high, sharply angled and rough, somewhat exceed- 

 ing the narrow leaves, spikes several to many, densely aggregated into a 

 small oblong or ovoid naked head an inch or less long: perigynia small, 

 lanceolate from a truncate base, stipitate, very strongly many-nerved, 

 marginless, smooth or but slightly rough on the angles above, the long and 

 brown beak nearly entire, exceeding the brown muticose or obtuse scale. 

 in the mountains, Washington to California. 



