Rose Family. 45 



SPIRAEA L. Herbs or shrubs, with simple or pinnate leaves, and panicu- 

 late or corymbose flowers. Calyx 5-cleft, short, Petals 5, roundish. Sta- 

 mens many. Carpels 5-8, 1-eelled, 1-valved, 1-10-seeded, scarcel\ r dehiscent or 

 indehiscent. 



S. salicifo'ia L. Common Meadowsweet. Erect, 2-3 feet high, smooth, leaf- 

 y: leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblanceolate, simply or doubly serrate: flowers 

 white, perfect, in a dense panicle. Woods and meadows: July- August; wide- 

 ly distributed, frequent in the eastern counties, infrequent westward. Win- 

 neshiek. Fayette. Delaware. Jones. Scott, Muscatine. Johnson. Linn. Henry, 

 Taylor, Page. Hancock, Cerro Gordo, Chickasaw, Winnebago, and Emmet 

 counties. 



S. a rune us L. Gout's Beard. A perennial glabrous herb, 3-7 feet high, 

 with long-petioled 2-3 pinnate leaves: leaflets oval or lanceolate, sharply 

 doubly serrate, and numerous white dioecious flowers in panicled spikes: stip- 

 ules wanting: spikes slender, elongated. Rich woods; May-July: frequent; 

 Clinton, Pubuque. Jackson, Muscatine, and Lee counties. (Aruncus (ir uncus 

 ( L. ) Karat.) 



S. lobata Jacq. Queen-of-thc-Pruiric. A perennial glabrous herb. 2-8 feet high, 

 with large interruptedly pinnately 3-7-foliolate leaves, and fragrant perfect 

 pink or purple panicled or cymese flowers: stipules serrate, persistent, reni- 

 form: capsules glabrous. 1-seeded. indehiscent. Moist soil, prairies; June-July ; 

 reported from Muscatine county. ( Clmaria rubra Hill.) 



PrjYSOCAPPUS Maxim. Shrubs, with palmately lobed leaves, and cor- 

 ymbose white flowers. Calyx .'-cleft, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens many. 

 Carpels 1-5. 2-valved. inflated, dehiscent. 



P. opulifolius Maxim. Xinebark. Shrub 3-7 feet high, stems and branches 

 slender, recurved, old bark loose and shreddy: leaves roundish, more or less 

 3-lobed, somewhat doubly serrate: calyx pubescent, corolla 2-3 times the 

 length of the calyx, petals lance-oval. Rocky woods: June: infrequent: Win- 

 neshiek. Allamakee. Clayton, Fayette. Jackson. Jones. Muscatine, Henry, 

 Johnson. Linn, and Decatur counties. ( Opulaster opulifolius ( L. ) Kuntze.) 



RUBUS. L. Perennial herbs or shrubs, upright or trailing, with alternate 

 simple lobed or 3-7-foliolate leaves, adnate stipules, and perfect rarely dioecious 

 flowers which are solitary, racemose or panicled, usually white. Calyx per- 

 sistent. 5-parted. bractless. Petals 5, deciduous. Stamens many, distinct, in- 

 serted on the calyx. Carpels many, inserted on a convex or elongated recep- 

 tacle. Fruit an aggregation of drupelets, edible 



R. occidentalis L. Black Raspberry. Very glaucous, stems long, slender, 

 recurved, often rooting at the tip. sparingly armed with stout hooked prick- 

 les; leaflets usually 3, ovate, acuminate, white pubescent beneath, coarsely 

 doubly serrate: petals shorter than the sepals: fruit purple-black. Thickets, 

 fence ways: May-June, fruit ripe in July: common. 



R. strigosus Mx. WUd Red Raspberry. A shrubby biennial: not glaucous; 

 densely clothed with weak glandular bristles, the older stems with a few 

 hooked prickles: leaflets 3 or 5: whitish pubescent beneath: sepals ana petals 

 about equal in length: fruit light red. Dry or rocky soil; May-July, fruit 

 ripe in July-September: infrequent: Emmet, Fayette. Delaware, Johnson, 

 Henry. Lee. Dallas. Woodbury, and Lyon counties. 



R. triflorus Richardson. Dwarf Raspberry. A small herbaceous unarmed 

 annual, 6-18 inches high or trailing: stipules oval, entire or few toothed: leafl- 

 ets 3 or 5. rhombic-ovate, glabrous or nearly so; fruit red purple. Reported 



