n«' bittii and .i: - • 1 1 1 i - - - - 1 ■ c ;is well as cathartic and emetic, and in over 

 do les, poisonous. 



Actaa rubra. Red Banc-berry. Red cohosh. Indians. Flowers 

 white. May. Properties similar to the other, both used as a substi 

 luie for the .1. xpecata of Europe. 



15. ClMICIFUOA. 



Cim'uifuga racemoea, Ell. (Actse. Lin. Macroty's. Haf.) Black 

 Snake root. Black cohosh. Officinal. Woods. June, July. White. 

 Properties, mild tonic, stim. the secretions, of skin, kidneys, bron- 

 chial mucous membrane; emmen. and nervous sedative. Thought 

 by Indians, antidote for bite of rattlesnake. 

 19. Zanthorhiza. 

 Zanthorhiza apiifolia. L'Her. (Z. simplicissimima. Mchx.) Yel- 

 low Root. Officinal. Found south part of State, banks of rivers., April. 

 Properties, simple bitter, and a yellow coloring matter. 

 20. Hydrastis. 

 Hydrastis Canadensis. Turmeric root. Orange root. Yellow puc- 

 coon root. Meadows and wet prairies. Fowers white. May and June. 

 Prop. Topical application in ophthalmia, old ulcers by Indians; also 

 to stain their clothing yellow. Slightly stimulant and tonic. 

 Ord.— AMNACE^E. Amnads. 

 Uvaria Triloba. Fw. gray. (Asimina Adans.) Pawpaw, Cus- 

 tard Apple. Banks of Streams, near Keokuk. Apr. Y. Fruit 

 eatable in October. 



Ord.— MENISPERMACE^E. 

 Menispermum Canadense. Worm Seed. Woods. Flowers Yel- 

 low. Prop, tonic, gently stimulating, and the root employed as a sub- 

 stitute for sarsaparilla. 



Ord.— BERBERIDACEiE. 

 Berberis Vulgaris. Berberry bush. Gardens. Flowers Yellow. 

 Berries acid. Refrigerant, astringent and antiscorbutic. Inner bark 

 and root employed in jaundice and for coloring. 

 2. Podophyllum. 

 Podophyllum peltatum. May Apple. Wild Mandrake. Officinal 

 Woods. F. White. May. Fruit edible. Cathartic, similar to Jalap. 

 3. Jeffersonia. Bart. 

 Jeffersonia dephylla. Barton. Rheumatism root. Woods. April, 

 W. Stimulant, diaphoretic, antispasmodic. 



Ord.— NELUMBIACE^. Nelumbium. 

 Nelumbiumlvteum. Nelumbo. Sacred Bean. Water Chinquepin 

 Bottoms, N. and E. oi" Burlington and S. W. of Keokuk. F White . 



I iiiw Fruit eaten by the Osnjre. ! other Indians 



;agc. Mm 



