31 



Galium, aparine. Common Cleavers. Wet Thickets. F. white. 

 June. Diuretic. Dye red root. 



Galium circazans. Michx. Circaea-like Galium. Wild Liquorice. 

 Woods. F. purple. July. Prop. Demulcent, expectorant and diur- 

 etic. Root and leaves have a sweet taste like liquorice. 



Mitchella. 

 .Mitchella repens. Patridge Berry. Creeping plant. N. part of 

 State. F. white. June. Very fragrant, expectorant and emmena- 

 gogue. Indians use it as a prep, parturient. Oil distilled from it. 



Cephalanthus. 

 Cephalanthus occidentalis . Button Bush. F. white. July, Aug. 

 Tonic and expectorant. 



Spigelia. 

 Spigelia Marilandica. Pink-root. Worm grass. Off Woods. 

 F. scarlet. June. Prop. Roots and leaves anthelmintic in large dose. 

 cathartic and narcotic. 



Ord.— VALERIANA CEJS. 

 Valeriana. 

 Valeriana Sylvatica. Wild Valerian. Swamps. N. part of State. 

 F. rose. July. Prop. Tonic and antispasmodic. 



Valeriana ciliata. T. & G. Low grounds. F. white. June. 

 Prop, similar to last and found in the same localities. 

 Ord.— COMPOSITE. 

 A bitter principle pervades the whole order, which, when combined 

 with resin and astringent mucilage, becomes tonic and febrifugal. 

 Some are anthelmintic from the prevalence of the resinous principle. 

 Some are aromatic and extremely bitter and acrid, others are useful 

 for food. 



Vernonia. 

 Vernonia JVnveboracensis. Willd. New York Vernonia. Iron- 

 weed. Wet prairies. F. purple. Sept. Prop. Purgative. 



Vernonia fasiculata. Iron-weed. Woods and prairies. F. purple 

 July, Aug. Purgative. 



Eupatorium. 

 Eupa'oriumjistrilosiim. Barratt, (E. purpureun. Willd.) Trum- 

 pet-weed. (E. Maculatum. Lin.) Thickets. F. purple. July. 

 Prop. Bitter, aromatic and astringent. 



Eupatorium Macula'um. (E. purpureum. Darl.) Spotted Eupat- 

 orium. Low grounds. F. purple. July, Sept. Prop, similar to last 

 but more acrid. 



Eupatorium purpureum. Lin. Purple thorough -wort. Prairies, 

 woods. F. white. August, Sept Prop. same. 



