GKAMINEAE. 121 



duncled; spikelets 6-8 mm. long; outer scales acute, scabrous-hispid on the keel, 

 the first half the length of the second; third scale obtuse, slightly shorter than the 

 second and alxjut equalling the obtuse palet. In saline soil, Assiniboia and Br. Col. 

 to Neb. and Nev. Aug. Sept. 



5. Spartina stricta (Ait.) Roth. Smooth Marsh-crass. (I. F. f. 405.) 

 Culms 3-9 dm. tall, erect, simple, smooth. Sheaths overlapping, those at the base 

 shorter and looser, much crowded ; leaves 7.5-30 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide at the 

 base, involute, at least when dry ; spikes 3-5, erect or nearly so, 2.5-5 cm. long ; 

 spikelets 1. 2-1. 6 cm. long, loosely imbricated; empty scales acute or acutish, 

 1 -nerved, the first shorter than the second, which exceeds or equals the third ; 

 palet longer than the third scale. 



Spartina stricta maritima (Walt.) Scribn. Culms taller, sometimes 3 m. high, 

 and leaves longer; spikes more numerous, usually appressed. 



Spartina stricta alternifl6ra (Lois.) A. Gray. Culms 12-18 dm. tall; spikes 

 slender, appressed, 7.5-12.5 cm. long, the spikelets barely overlapping. 



Very variable. Common in some one of its forms, along the coast from Me. to 

 Fla. and Tex. Also on the coast of Europe. Our plant does not appear to be satis- 

 factorily identified with the European. Aug. -Oct. 



55. CAMPULOSUS Desv. 



Tall pungent-tasted grasses, with flat or convolute narrow leaves and a curved 

 spicate inflorescence. Spikelets borne pectinately in two rows on one side of the flat 

 curved rachis, 1 -flowered. Lower 4 scales empty, the first very short, hyaline ; 

 the second, third, fourth and fifth awned on the back, the latter subtending a per- 

 fect flower and palet, the uppermost scales empty. Stamens 3. Styles distinct. 

 Stigmas plumose. Grain oblong, free, loosely enclosed in the scale. [Greek, in 

 allusion to the curved spike.] Seven known species, four of them American, the 

 others in the eastern hemisphere. 



1. Campulosus aromaticus (Walt.) Scribn. Toothache-grass. (I. F. f. 

 406.) Culms 9-12 dm. tall, erect, simple, smooth or somewhat scabrous. Leaves 

 2.5-15 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, flat or involute, smooth ; spike terminal, solitary, 

 curved, 5-10 cm. long, the rachis extended into a point ; spikelets about 6 mm. 

 long ; second scale thick and rigid, awn-pointed, bearing just above the middle a 

 stout horizontal or recurved awn ; third, fourth and fifth scales membranous, sca- 

 brous, awned from below the 2 -toothed apex, the fifth subtending a perfect flower, 

 the others empty. In wet soil, especially in pine barrens, Va. to Fla. July-Sept. 



56. CHLORIS Sw. 



Mostly perennial grasses with flat leaves and spicate inflorescence, the spikes 

 few or numerous, verticillate or approximate. Spikelets 1-flowered, arranged in 

 two rows on one side of the rachis. Scales 4 ; the 2 lower empty, unequal, keeled, 

 acute ; third and fourth usually awned, the former subtending a perfect flower ; 

 palet folded and 2 -keeled. Stamens 3. Styles distinct. Stigmas plumose. Grain 

 free, enclosed in the scale. [Greek, greenish-yellow, referring to the color of the 

 herbage.] About fifty species, mostly natives of warm and tropical regions. Be- 

 sides the following some 10 others occur in the southern U. S. 



Spikes slender, naked at the base ; nerves of the third scale all pilose with short ap- 

 pressed hairs. 1. C. verticillata. 



Spikes stout, spikelets crowded to the very base ; lateral nerves of the third scale with a 

 tuft of very long hairs at the summit. 2. C. elegans. 



1. Chloris verticillata Nutt. Prairie Chloris. (I. F. f. 407.) Culms 

 1.5-4.5 dm. tall, erect, or decumbent and rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves 2.5- 

 7.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, obtuse, often apiculate, scabrous ; spikes slender, 

 usually spreading, 5-1 1.25 cm. long, in one or two whorls, or the upper ones ap- 

 proximate ; spikelets, exclusive of the awns, about 3 mm. long, the third scale 

 2 mm. long, obtuse, ciliate on the nerves, especially on the lateral ones, bearing just 

 below the apex a scabrous awn about 5 mm. long ; fourth scale as long as or 

 shorter than the third, awned near the usually truncate apex. On prairies, Kans. 

 to Tex. May -July. 



