144 FLORA. 



5. Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze. Nerved Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 

 488.) Culms 3-9 dm. tall. Sheaths usually more or less rough; leaves 1.5—3 dm. 

 long, 4-10 mm. wide, a ute, smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 7.5-20 cm. in 

 length, often purple, open, the brandies filiform, spreading, ascending or often 

 drooping, rarely erect, 5-12.5 cm. long; spikelets 3-7-flowered, 2-3 mm. long; 

 empty scales obtuse, I -nerved; flowering scales about 1.5 mm. long, obtuse or 

 rounded, with 7 sharp distinct nerves and evident furrows between. In wet places, 

 Newf. to Br. Col., south to Fla. and Mex. Ascends to 1200 m. in Va. June-Sept. 



6. Panicularia Americana (Torr.) MacM. Reed Meadow-grass. Tall 

 Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 489.) Culms 9-15 dm. tall. Sheaths loose, smooth, or 

 sometimes rough; leaves 2-3 dm. long or more, 6-16 mm. wide, usually smooth 

 beneath, rough above; panicle 2-4 dm. in length, its branches spreading, ascending 

 or rarely erect, 1-2 dm. long; spikelets 4-7-flowered, 4-6 mm. long; empty scales 

 acute, I-nerved; flowering scales about 2 mm. long, obtuse or rounded at the apex, 

 sharply and distinctly 7-nerved, the furrows between the nerves evident. In wet 

 soil, X. B. to Alaska, south to Tenn., Colo, and Nev. Ascends to 630 m. in Penn. 

 June-Aug. 



7. Panicularia pallida (Torr.) Kuntze. Pale Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 490.) 

 Pale green. Culms 3-9 dm. long, assurgent; leaves 5-15 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, 

 smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 3-75-17-5 cm. in length, the branches spread- 

 ing, ascending or rarely erect, often flexuous, 2.5-5 crru l°ng; spikelets 4— 8-fiowered, 

 5-7 mm. long; empty scales unequal, the first I -nerved, obtuse, shorter than the 3- 

 nerved and truncate second ; flowering scales 2.5-3 rnm. long, truncate and dentic- 

 ulate at the apex, sharply and distinctly 7-nerved, with plain furrows between the 

 nerves. In shallow water, N. B. to Ont., south to Va., Tenn. and Ind. Ascends 

 to 600 m. in Penn. July-Aug. 



8. Panicularia fluitans (L.) Kuntze. Floating Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 

 491.) Culms 10-15 dm. long, flattened, erect or decumbent, usually stout, often 

 rooting from the lower nodes. Sheaths loose, generally overlapping, smooth or 

 rough ; leaves 1.25-3 dm. long or more, 4-12 mm. wide, scabrous, often floating; 

 panicle 2.25-4.5 dm. long, the branches, at least the lower ones, at first appressed, 

 later ascending, and 7-5-15 cm. long; spikelets linear, 7-13-flowered, 2-2.5 cm - 

 long ; empty scales unequal, I-nerved, the lower acute or obtuse, the upper obtuse or 

 truncate ; flowering scales 4-4.5 mm. long, thick, oblong, rounded or truncate at the 

 erose apex, scabrous, sharply 7-nerved. In wet places or in water, Newf. to Br. 

 Col., south to N. Car., Ky., Iowa and Cal. Also in Europe. July-Sept. 



9. Panicularia boreaiis Nash. Slender Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 491a.) 

 Glabrous. Culms erect from a creeping base, 4.5-15 dm. tall; sheaths overlapping, 

 smooth or roughish, the uppermost one enclosing the base of the panicle ; leaves 

 linear, abruptly acuminate, 1-5 dm. long, 2-IO mm. wide; panicle slender, the ex- 

 serted portion 1.5-5 dm. l° n g> i ts branches appressed or nearly so ; spikelets 1-1.8 

 cm. long, 7-13-flowered, appressed; outer two s:ales i-nerved, unequal; flowering 

 scales thin, 4-5 mm. long, 7-nerved, the nerves only scabrous ; palet slightly shorter 

 than the scale. In shallow water, Me. to N. Y., Idaho, Cal., Wash., and north- 

 ward. 



10. Panicularia brachyphy^lla Nash. Short-leaved Manna-grass. (I. F. f. 

 492a.) Glabrous. Culms erect from a creeping base, 6-9 dm. tall; sheaths gen- 

 erally longer than the internodes, almost closed, the uppermost one enclosing the 

 base of the panicle; leaves linear, acuminate, 6-12.5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; 

 panicle slender, the exserted portion 3-4 dm. long, its branches appressed or 

 nearly so; spikelets compressed-cylindric, 2-2.8 cm. long, 7- 1 2 -flowered; empty 

 scales i-nerved; flowering scales scabrous all over, 7-nerved, about 5 mm. 

 long, the obtuse apex obscurely and irregularly few-toothed: palet about 6 mm. 

 Long, acuminate, a little exceeding the scale. In shallow water, Me. to N. Y. 

 June-July. 



11. Panicularia acutiflora (Torr.) Kuntze. Sharp-scaled Manna-grass. 

 (I. F. f. 492.) Culms 3-6 dm. tall, flattened, erect from a decumbent base, simple. 

 Sheaths loose, generally a little exceeding tin- internodes, smooth and glabrous ; 

 leaves 7.5— 15 cm. long. 4-6 mm. wide, smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 1.5- 

 3 dm. in length, the branche erect or appressed, 5-10 cm. long; spikelets linear, 

 5-1 2 -flowered, 2.5-4.5 cm. long; empty scales acute, smooth; flowering scales 



