GRAMINEAE. 15 1 



fields and waste places all over the eastern U. S. and Br. Am. ; also on the Pacific 

 Coast. Naturalized from Europe. Native also of Asia. June-Aug. 



13. Bromus arvensis L. Field Chess or Brome. (I. F, f. 515a.) Culms 

 erect, 3-9 dm. tall, glabrous except at or near the brown nodes. Sheaths softly and 

 densely pubescent with short reflexed hairs; leaves erect or ascending, more or less 

 hirsute on both surfaces, 7.5-15 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide; panicle ample, 1.25-2.25 

 dm. long, its rough branches erect or ascending, rarely spreading, the longer 7.5- 

 15 cm. long; spikelets, including the awns, 1.8-2.4 cm. long, lanceolate, the scales 

 minutely and sparsely appressed-pubescent toward the acute apex, papillose along 

 the nerves, the first scale 3-nerved, the second 5-nerved; flowering scales broadest at 

 the middle, 5-nerved, 7-8 mm. long, bearing an erect awn of about the same length. 

 Fields and waste places, N. Y., N. J. and Mich. Locally adventive from Europe. 

 Summer. 



14. Bromus squarrosus L. Corn Brome. (I. F. f. 516.) Culms 2-4.5 

 dm. tall. Sheaths softly pubescent; leaves 2.5-12.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, 

 softly pubescent; panicle 5-15 cm. in length, open, the branches ascending or 

 drooping, often flexuous; spikelets nodding, 6-1 2 -flowered, on slender pedicels ; 

 empty scales obtuse or acutish, the first 5-nerved, the second longer, 7-9-nerved ; 

 flowering scales 9-11 mm. long, obtuse, shining, minutely scabrous; awn inserted 

 below the apex, about as long as the scale, bent at the base and divergent. In bal- 

 last and waste places about the eastern seaports. Fugitive or adventive from 

 Europe. July-Aug. 



15. Bromus brizaeformis Fisch. & Mey. Quake-grass Brome. (I. F. f. 

 517.) Culms 2-6 dm. tall; sheaths, at least the lower, pubescent with soft villous 

 hairs; leaves 2.5-17.5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, pubescent; panicle 3.75-20 cm. in 

 length, open, the branches ascending or often drooping, flexuous; spikelets few, 

 1.25-2.5 cm. long, laterally much compressed; empty scales very obtuse, often 

 purplish, glabrous or minutely pubescent, the first 3-5 -nerved, the second larger, 

 5-9-nerved; flowering scales 6-8 mm. long, very broad, obtuse, 9-nerved, shining, 

 glabrous or sometimes minutely pubescent, awnless. Introduced into Penn. and 

 Del. ; also from Mont, to Cal. Native of northern Europe and Asia. July-Aug. 



16. Bromus breviaristatus (Hook.) Buckl. Short- awned Chess. (I. F. f. 

 518.) Culms 3-12 dm. tall, sometimes pubescent below the panicle. Sheaths pu- 

 bescent, at least the lower ones; leaves 1.5-3 dm. l° n S or m °re, 4-12 mm. wide, 

 rough and often pubescent; panicle 1-4 dm. in length, its branches erector ascend- 

 ing, the lower 5-15 cm. long; spikelets 5-10-flowered; empty scales acute, pubes- 

 cent, the first 3-5 -nerved, the second longer, 5-9-nerved; flowering scales com- 

 pressed, keeled, 1.2-1.4 cm. long, acute, 7-9-nerved, appressed-pubescent; awn 

 4-6 mm. long. In dry soil, Manitoba to Br. Col., south to Neb., Ariz, and Cal. 

 July-Aug. 



17. Bromus unioloides (Willd.) H.B.K. Schrader's Brome-grass. 

 Southern Chess. (I. F. f. 519.) Culms 1.5-9 dm. tall; sheaths glabrous or fre- 

 quently pubescent; leaves 7.5-32 cm. long, 2-8 mm. wide, usually rough, at least 

 above; panicle 5-25 cm. in length, the branches erect or ascending, or the lower 

 branches of the larger panicles widely spreading; spikelets much compressed, 

 6-io-flowered; empty scales acute, the first 3-5-nerved, the second longer, 5-9- 

 nerved; flowering scales 1.2-I.6 cm. long, very acute, minutely scabrous, bearing 

 an awn less than 2 mm. long or awnless. Kans. (?) to the Ind. Terr., Tex. and 

 Mex. Widely distributed in S. Am. May-July. 



95. NARDUS L. 



A low perennial tufted grass, with setaceous rigid leaves and a terminal one- 

 sided slender spike. Spikelets 1 -flowered, narrow, sessile and single in each notch 

 of the rachis. Scales 2, the lower empty, adnate to the rachis, or almost wanting, 

 the upper flower-bearing, narrow, with involute and hyaline margins; palet narrow, 

 2-nerved. Stamens 3. Style elongated, undivided. Stigma elongated, short- 

 papillose. Grain linear, glabrous, enclosed in the scale, usually free. [Name 

 Greek, of uncertain application.] A monotypic genus of the Old World. 



1. Nardus stricta L. Wirekf.nt. Mat-grass. Nard. (I. F. f. 520.) 

 Culms 1-4 dm. tall, rigid, roughish. Sheaths usually at the base of the culm; 



