274 FLORA. 



i. Medeola Virginiana L. Indian Cucumber-root. (I. F. f. 1042.) Foot- 

 stock 2-8 cm. long. Stem 3-8 dm. tall, bearing the lower whorl ot leaves above 

 the middle, or in flowerless plants at the summit; leaves of the lower whorl sessiie, 

 5-13 cm. long, acuminate, narrowed at the base, 3 -5 -nerved and reticulate- veined; 

 leaves of the upper whorl 2-5 cm. long; umbel 2-9-flowered; pedicels filiform, 2-5 

 cm. long or less, declined in flower, erect or ascending in fruit; perianth-segments 

 6-10 mm. long, obtuse; berry dark purple, 8-15 mm. in diameter. In moist woods 

 and thickets, N. S. to Unt., Minn., Fla. and Tenn. May-June. 



10. TRILLIUM L. (See Appendix.) 



Glabrous erect unbranched herbs, with short scarred rootstocks, and 3 leaves 

 whorled at the summi 1 of the stem, subtending the bractless flower. Solitary long- 

 petioled leaves are sometimes borne on the rootstock. Perianth of 2 series of seg- 

 ments, the outer 3 (sepals) green, persistent, the inner 3 (petals) white, pink, purple 

 or sometimes greenish, deciduous or withering. Stamens 6, hypogynous; fila- 

 ments short; anthers linear ; ovary sessile, 3-6-angled or lobed, 3 -celled; ovules 

 several or numerous in each cavity; styles 3. Berry many-seeded. Seeds hori- 

 zontal. [Latin, in allusion to the 3-parted flowers and the 3 leaves.] About 20 

 species, natives of N. Am. and Asia. Besides the following, some 7 others occur in 

 the southern and western parts of N. Am. Phyllody, i. e., the reversion of petals 

 or sepals to leaves, is occasional in the genus, and the floral parts are sometimes in 

 4's instead of 3's. 



Flower sessile. 



Leaves sessile ; sepals not reflexed. 



Flowers purple; petal-blades lanceolate. I. T. sessile. 



Flowers green ; petal-blades linear. 2. T. viride. 



Leaves petioled ; sepals reflexed. 3. T. recurvatum. 



Flower peduncled. 



Leaves oval or ovate, obtuse or obtusish, 2-5 cm. long. 4. T. nivale. 



Leaves broadly ovate or rhombic, acuminate, 5-17 cm. long. 

 Leave? sessile, or narrowed at the base and short-petioled. 



Petals obovate or oblanceolate, 3-6 cm. long. 5. T. grandiflorum. 



Petals ovate or lanceolate, 1-3 cm. long. 



Peduncle 3-10 cm. long, erect or declined; petals spreading. 



6. T. erect urn. 

 Peduncle 3 cm. long or less, recurved beneath the leaves; petals re- 

 curved. 7. T. cernunm. 

 Leaves distinctly petioled, obtuse or rounded at the base. 8. T, undulatum. 



1. Trillium sessile L. Sessile-flowered Wake-robin. (I. F. f. 1043.) 

 Stem 1-3 dm. tall. Leaves ovate or oval, cuspidate at the apex, 4-15 cm. long, 

 often blotched; sepals lanceolate, spreading, 1-5 cm. long; petals lanceolate, some- 

 what longer than the sepals, erect-spreading, purple; anthers longer than the fila- 

 ments, the connective prolonged beyond the sacs; berry globose, 6-angled, about 

 1.2 cm. in diameter. In moist woods and thickets, Penn. to Ohio, Minn., Fla. and 

 Ark. April-May. 



2. Trillium viride Beck. Green Wake-robin. (I. F. f. 1043a.) Light 

 green. Stems 1-4 dm. tall, rough-pubescent near the top, or glabrous in age; leaves 

 oblong to ovate, 5-10 cm. long, usually blotched, more or less pubescent on the 

 nerves beneath; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate, bright green; petals clawed, the 

 blades linear or nearly so, surpassing the sepals, light green or purplish green; 

 filaments flattened. In woods and glades, Mo. and Tenn. to Miss, and Ark. 



3. Trillium recurvatum Beck. Prairie Wake-robin. (I. F. f. 1044.) 

 Stems 1.5-4.5 dm. tall. Leaves ovate, oval or oblong, 4-10 cm. long, acute, 

 narrowed into petioles, sometimes blotched; flower erect; sepals lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, 1.2-3 cm - l° n g> reflexed; petals spatulate or oblong, nearly erect, clawed, 

 acute or acuminate, equalling the sepals or somewhat longer; anthers 8-14 mm. 

 long, much longer than the filaments, the connective prolonged beyond the sacs; 

 berry ovoid, 6-winged above, about 1.8 cm. long. In woods and thickets, Ohio to 

 Minn., Miss, and Ark. April June. 



4. Trillium nivale RiddelL Early Wake-robin. (I. F. f. 1045.) Stem 

 5-12 cm. high. Leaves 2-^ cm. long, obtuse; petioles 4-12 mm. long; peduncle 



