MORACEAE. 339 



branches; fruit 4-6 mm. long, about equalling its stalk, its soft processes I mm. 

 long. In swamps, Mo. to Ind.. Ky., N. Car., La. and Fla. April-May. 



3. CELTIS L. (See Appendix.) 

 Trees or shrubs, wi 1 serrate or entire pinnately veined or in some species 3-5- 

 nerved leaves, and polygamous or monoecious (rarely dioecious ?) flowers, borne in 

 the axils of leaves 01 the season, the staminate clustered, the fertile solitary or 2-3 

 together. Calyx 4-6-parted or of distinct sepals. Filaments erect, exserted. 

 Ovary sessile. Stigmas 2, recurved or divergent, tomentose or plumose. Fruit 

 an ovoid or globose drupe, with a row of bars at the base, the exocarp pulpy, the 

 endocarp bony. Seed-coat membranous. Embryo curved. [Name ancient, used 

 by Pliny for an African Lotus-tree.] About 60 species, natives of temperate and 

 tropical regions. Besides the following, some 5 others occur in the southern and 

 southwestern parts of N. Am. 



Leaves sharply serrate, thin ; ripe drupe 8-10 mm. in diameter. 



Leaves smooth above. 1. C. occidentalis. 



Leaves scabrous above. 2. C. crassifolia. 



Leaves entire or nearly so, thick ; drupe 4-6 mm. in diameter. 3. C. Mississippiensis. 



i. Celtis occidentalis L. American Nettle-tree. Sugar-berry. (I. F.£ 

 1255.) A tree or shrub, the bark dark and rough, the twigs glabrous. Leaves 

 Dvate or ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, mostly thin, usually abruptly acuminate, 

 inequilateral, pinnately veined. 0.3-1 dm. long, smooth above, pubescent or 

 glabrate beneath; calyx-segments linear-oblong, deciduous; drupe globose and 

 purple, or nearly black when mature, or orange, 8-10 mm. in diameter. In drv 

 soil, Quebec to Manitoba, La., N. Car., Mo. and Kans. April-May. Fruit rip'' 

 Sept. Variable. 



2. Celtis crassifolia Lam. Hackberry. A tree or shrub, the young 

 shoots puberulent. Leaves ovate, firm, inequilateral, acute or short-acuminate at 

 Lhe apex, often cordate at base, scabrous above and often so beneath, more or less 

 pubescent, usually serrate quite to the tip. rarely entire, 3-12 cm. long; fruiting 

 pedicels mostly about twice as long as the petioles or more, sometimes short; drupe 

 Durple. red or nearlv black when mature, globose to oval, 8-10 mm. in diameter. 

 I Y. to S. Car.. Ohio. 111.. Mo. and Tenn. 



3 Celtis Mississippiensis Bosc. Southern Hackberry. (I. F. f. 1256.) 

 \ tree, similar to the two preceding, the bark light gray, rough and warty. Leaves 

 anceolate, firm, entire or with a few low sharp teeth, 3 -nerved and prominently 

 jinnately veined, glabrous, long-acuminate at the apex, inequilateral, 2-8 cm. 

 ong, drupe purple-black, 5-6 mm. in diameter. In dry soil, N. Car. to 111., Mo., 

 [Cans.. Fla. and Tex. April. Fruit ripe July -Aug. 



Family 2. MORACEAE Lindl. 

 Mtil berry Family. 

 Trees, shrubs or herbs, mostly with milkv sap, petioled stipulate 

 eaves, and small monoecious or dioecious axillary clustered flowers, or 

 :he pistillate flowers solitary in some exotic genera. Calyx mostly 4-5- 

 Darted. Petals none. Staminate flowers panicled, spicate or capitate, 

 ^he stamens as many as the calyx-segments. Pistillate flowers capitate, 

 spicate or cymose. Ovary superior, i-celled in our genera. Ovule soli- 

 :ary, pendulous, anatropous. Styles 1 or 2. About 55 genera and 925 

 species, natives of temperate and tropical regions. 



rrees or shrubs ; stipules fugacious. 



Staminate and pistillate flowers spiked ; leaves dentate or lobed. 1. Morus. 

 Staminate flowers racemose or spiked ; pistillate capitate. 



Pistillate perianth deeply 4-cleft ; leaves entire. 2. Toxylon. 



Pistillate perianth 3-4-toothed ; leaves various. 3. Brousso'netia. 



trect or twining herbs ; stipules persistent. 



Twining vines ; pistillate flowers in ament-like clusters. 4. Hamulus. 



Erect herb; pistillate flowers spicate. 5' Cannabis, 



