47 8 FLORA, 



Leaves sharply 3-toothed at the apex. 6. S. tricuspidata. 



Leaves with white denticulate margins. 7. S. Aizoon. 



t t Leaves deeply 3-5-cleft ; petals white. 8. S. caespitosa. 



t f t Leaves soft, obovate or oval with narrowed or spatulas base. 

 Flowers regular; petals all nearly alike. 



Plants large, 3-10 dm. tall, growing in wet places. 



Leaves merely denticulate or repand; follicles ovoid. 9. S. Pennsylvanica. 

 Leaves coarsely and sharply dentate; follicles lanceolate. 



10. S. micranthidijolia. 

 Plants low, 5-45 cm. tall, growing in dry or rocky places. 

 Petals sessile, not clawed. 



Flowers in cymose or at length panicled clusters. 11. S. Virginiensts. 

 Flowers capitate; arctic and alpine species. 12. S. nivalis. 



Petals narrowed into a claw. 



Flowers few, most or all of them replaced by tufts of leaves. 



13. 3". comosa. 

 Inflorescence loose, cymose-paniculate. 



Follicles erect, united to near their summits; styles short. 



14. 6". stellaris. 

 Follicles divergent, united only at base; styles filiform. 



15. S. Grayana. 

 Flowers irregular, 3 petals large, 2 smaller. 16. S. Michauxii. 



t t 1 1 Leaves soft, orbicular, cordate, dentate all around. 



17. S. Geum. 



1. Saxifraga oppositifolia L. Purple or Mountain Saxifrage. (I. F. f. 

 1823.) Tufted, stems densely leafy, 5-25 cm. long. Leaves sessile, persistent, 

 keeled, fleshy, obtuse, punctate with 1-3 pores, 2-5 mm. long, the margins ciliate; 

 flowers solitary, peduncled or nearly sessile, 8-12 mm. broad; calyx-lobes obtuse, 

 much shorter than the obovate purple petals; calyx free from the ovary and cap- 

 sule; follicles abruptly short-pointed; seeds rugose. On wet rocks, Vt., Anticosti, 

 and Nevvf. to Alaska, south in the Rocky Mts. to Wyo. and Ore. Also in Europe 

 and Asia. Summer. 



2. Saxifraga autumnalis L. Yellow Mountain Saxifrage. (I. F. f. 

 1824.) Tufted, glabrous; stems 5— 15 cm. high. Leaves linear, fleshy, mucronate- 

 tipped, sessile, 8-18 mm. long, 2-5 mm. wide, the margins often sparingly ciliate; 

 flowers corymbose, 8-14 mm. broad; petals oblong, sometimes spotted with orange, 

 exceeding the ovate-oblong calyx-lobes; carpels abruptly acuminate; base of the 

 capsule adnate to the calyx; seeds minutely rugose. On wet rocks, Newf. and 

 Lab. to Vt., western N. Y., arctic Am. and Mich. Also in alpine and arctic 

 Europe and Asia. Summer. [S. aizoides L.] 



3. Saxifraga Hirculus L. Yellow Marsh Saxifrage. (I. F. f. 1825.) 

 Erect. 10-25 cm - high- Teaves 1-4 cm. long, the lower petioled, the upper 

 sessile; flower terminal, with scarlet spots; calyx-lobes obtuse, reflexed; petals 

 obovate or oblong, about 3 times as long as the calyx-lobes; capsule free from the 

 calyx or nearly so, about 8 mm. long, its beaks at length diverging. In bogs, Lab. 

 and arctic America. Also in northern and alpine Europe and Asia. Summer. 



4. Saxifraga cernua L. Nodding or Drooping Bulbous Saxifrage. 

 (I. F. f. 1826.) Stem weak, ascending, pubescent but scarcely glutinous, 1-3 dm. 

 long. Basal and lower leaves petioled, broadly reniform, palmately 5-7-lobed, 

 usually less than 25 mm. wide; upper leaves smaller, sessile, 3-lobed or entire and 

 bract-iike. often bearing bulblets in their axils; flowers 1-3, terminal. 8-10 mm. 

 broad; petals obovate. 3-4 times as long as the ovate calyx-lobes. Newf., Lab. 

 and arctic America to Alaska. Also in arctic and alpine Europe and Asia. 

 Summer. 



5. Saxifraga rivularis L. Alpine Brook Saxifrage. (I. F. f. 1827.) 

 Tufted, matted, 2-7 cm. high. Basal and lower leaves slender- petioled, reniform, 

 3-5-lobed, seldom more than 6 mm. wide; petioles dilated at the base; upper leaves 

 lanceolate or ovate, sessile; flowers 1-5. terminal, white, 6- 10 mm. broad; calyx- 

 lobes ovate, obtuse, slightly shorter than the ovate-oblong petals; base of the cap- 

 sule adnate t<> the calyx. White Mts., Lab., arctic Am. and south in the Rocky 

 Mts. to Colo. Also in arctic and alpine Europe and Asia. Summer. 



6. Saxifraga tricuspidata Ret/. THREE-TOOTHED Saxifrage. (I. F. f. 

 1828.; Tufted; flowering stems 5-20 cm. high, the leaves oblong or oblong- 



