638 FLORA. 



tufted, from short knotted rootstocks; leaves rather succulent, deep green, the 

 blades narrowly ovate or subsagittate, subcordateat base, obtuse, crenulate; flowers 

 bright blue; 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; petals obovate, densely white-bearded; capsules as 

 in V. emarginata. Grassy places, Md. to Va. May. 



22. Viola fimbriatula J. E. Smith. Ovate-leaved Violet. (I. F. f. 2491.) 

 Densely pubescent or villous, tufted; leaves with petioles usually shorter than the 

 blades; the latter ovate-lanceolate, oval or oblong, obscurely crenate, the base trun- 

 cate or subcordate, sometimes dentate or incised; flowers blue, 8-14 mm. wide, 

 the petals bearded; capsules oval, those from the cleistogamous flowers on erect 

 peduncles. \V. ovata Nutt] Dry soil, N. S. to Mo. and La. April-May. 



23. Viola odorata L. English or Sweet Violet. (I. F. f. 2493.) Stolons 

 rooting at the nodes; leaves pubescent or glabrate, the blades orbicular or 

 broadly ovate, cordate, obtuse, crenate, 2-5 cm. wide; scapes equalling the foliage; 

 flowers fragrant, 1-2 cm. broad; sepals oblong, obtuse; petals beardless; capsules 

 from cleistogamous flowers borne on short decumbent peduncles. Escaped from 

 gardens, N. S. to southern N. Y. and N. J. ; also in the South and on the Pacific 

 Coast. Adventive from Europe. March-May. 



24. Viola rotundifolia Michx. Round-leaved Violet. (I. F. f. 2494.) 

 Stoloniferous in late summer; leaves glabrate, yellowish-green, paler beneath, the 

 petioles somewhat pubescent; blades ovate or orbicular, cordate, crenate, 1-5 cm. 

 wide at flowering-time, afterward becoming 10-13 cm. wide and appressed to the 

 ground; flowers yellow, 8- 12 mm. broad; sepals linear-oblong, obtuse; lateral 

 petals bearded and marked with brown veins; capsules ovoid, those from the 

 cleistogamous flowers racemose on short deflexed peduncles. Woods and rocky 

 hillsides, Lab. and Ont. to Minn., south in the mountains to N. Car. 



25. Viola palustris L. Marsh Violet. (I. F. f. 2495.) Glabrous; root- 

 stock slender, horizontal; blades of the leaves thin, reniform to nearly orbicular, 

 2.5-4 cm. wide, crenulate; scapes exceeding the foliage; flowers pale lilac or 

 nearly white, marked with purple veins; petals 8-12 mm. long, slightly bearded; 

 spur short and blunt; capsule oblong, 6-8 mm. in length; cleistogamous flowers 

 not produced. Wet soil, Lab. to Alaska and N. Eng., and in the Rocky Mts. Also 

 in Europe and Asia. May-July. 



26. Viola Selkirkii Pursh. Selkirk's Violet. (I. F. f. 2496.) Nearly 

 glabrous; rootstock slender, creeping. Leaves dark green, the blades thin, 1-5 cm. 

 wide, broadly ovate or orbicular, deeply cordate, the margins crenate, the apex 

 obtuse; basal sinus narrow, the auricles often overlapping; sepals lanceolate, acute; 

 spur 5-8 mm. long, obtuse; petals beardless, pale violet-blue; capsules oblong, 

 4-6 mm, long, those from the cleistogamous flowers on erect or ascending pedun- 

 cles. Moist woods, N. S. to Mass., Penn. and Minn. Also in northern Europe 

 and Asia. April -May. 



27. Viola blanda Willd. Sweet White Violet. (I. F. f. 2497.) Gla- 

 brate, somewhat stoloniferous, from a very slender rootstock; blades of the leaves 

 thin, light green, reniform to orbicular, 1-7 cm. wide, crenate, cordate at base, 

 with a shallow sinus, the apex obtuse; sepals lanceolate, acute; flowers white, 

 fragrant, 6-12 mm. broad; petals beardless, the lower and lateral ones marked 

 with purple veins; capsules small, oval; cleistogamous flowers few. Swamps and 

 wet meadows, Newf. to Br. Col. and N. Car. April-May. 



28. Viola alsophila Greene. Woodland White Violet. Strongly stolonif- 

 erous; leaves somewhat pubescent, bright green above, paler beneath, the petioles 

 red-spotted; blades from ovate to orbicular, usually obtuse, with a deep narrow 

 sinus; scapes mostly shorter than the leaves; flowers white, scarcely fragrant, 

 1-2 cm. broad; petals very narrow, the two uppermost often twisted; capsules sim- 

 ilar to those of /'. blanda^ but larger. \V. blanda amoena (LeConte) B. S. P. Not 

 V. amoena Symons.] Wet, hilly woods; N. Eng. to X. Car. and 111. April-May. 



29. Viola renifolia A. Gray. Kidney-leaved Violet. (I. F. f. 2498.) 

 Densely pubescent or even villous, from a slender horizontal rootstock; leaves with 

 bn.ad reniform or orbicular blades, 2-8 cm. wide, the margins obscurely crenate, 

 the basal sinus deep; scapes about equalling the foliage; sepals linear-oblong, 

 acute; flowers 8-10 mm. wide, white, the petals beardless and marked with brown- 

 ish veins; capsules oval. S mm. long, those from the cleistogamous flowers on 

 deflexed peduncles. Woods and thickets, N. S. to N. Y. and Minn. April-June. 



