ARALIACEAE. 667 



(I. F. f. 2623.) Leaves in whorls of 3's~5's, or sometimes scattered, the floral ones 

 linear, serrate or pectinate, 5-12 mm. long, gradually passing into the submerged 

 ones which are crowded, pinnately dissected, the divisions capillary; spikes 1-2 

 dm. long; petals purplish; stamens 4. very rarely 6; carpels strongly 2-keeled and 

 scabrous on the back, separated by deep grooves; mature fruit about 2 mm. long. 

 In ponds, R. I. to Flu., Kans., La., Tex. and Panama. 



8. Myriophyllum Farwellii Morong. Farwell's Water-milfoil. (I.F. f. 

 2624.) Dicecious (?). Specimens with submerged leaves only, in whorls of 3's- 

 6's, or scattered, narrow, pinnately parted, the divisions finely capillary in 5-7 

 opposite or subopposite pairs, with minute black spines in the axils; petals 

 4, purplish, oblong; pistillate flowers only seen; styles 4, short; stamens 4, minute, 

 abortive; fruit about 2 mm. long and I mm. thick; carpels crossed longitudinally 

 by 3 or 4 tuberculate or slightly toothed ridges, 2 on the back and commonly 1 on 

 each margin; groove between the carpels shallow. In still water, Me. to Mich. 



9. Myriophyllum proserpinacoides Gill. Chilian Water-milfoil. (I. F. 

 f. 2625.) Dicecious. Leaves all alike and submerged, somewhat glaucous, pec- 

 tinate-pinnatihd in crowded whorls of 4's and 5's, 1.5-2 cm. long; segments 20-25, 

 capillary or sometimes linear-spatulate, about 5 mm. long; pistillate flowers axil- 

 lary, about I mm. high, without petals; stigmas 4. white, plumose; young carpels 

 glabrous; small white hair-like bracts are borne at the bases of the leaves and 

 among the flowers. Haddonfield, N. J. Apparently established. Native of Chili. 



Order 27. UMBELLALES. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees, almost always with petaliferous flowers. 

 Calyx-segments and petals usually 5. Stamens 4 or 5. Ovary inferior, 

 adnate to the calyx, compound ; ovule 1 in each cavity. 



Stamens 5: styles 2-5, rarely united; flowers umbellate, capitate or panicled. 



Fruit a fleshy berry or drupe. Fam. 1. Araliaceae. 



Fruit dry when mature, splitting into two mericarps. Fam. 2. Umbelliferae. 



Stamens 4; style 1; stigma 1 ; shrubs and trees; flowers not umbellate. 



Fam. 3. Cornaceae. 



Family 1. ARALIACEAE Vent. 



Ginseng Family. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees, with alternate or verticillate (rarely oppo- 

 site) leaves, and flowers in umbels, heads, or panicles. Calyx-tube ad- 

 nate to the ovary. Petals usually 5, sometimes cohering together, in- 

 serted on the margin of the calyx. Stamens as many as the petals and 

 alternate with them (rarely more), inserted on the epigynous disk; 

 anthers introrse. Ovary inferior, 1 -several-celled ; styles as many as the 

 cavities of the ovary ; ovules 1 in each cavity, pendulous, anatropous. Seeds 

 flattened, or somewhat 3-angled, the testa thin ; endosperm copious, 

 fleshy; embryo small, near the hilum ; cotyledons ovate or oblong. About 

 52 genera and 450 species, widely distributed. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees ; leaves alternate, decompound; styles 5. 1. Aralia. 



Herbs; leaves verticillate, digitately compound ; styles 2 or 3. 2. Panax. 



1. ARALIA L. 



Leaves alternate, pinnately or ternately decompound. Flowers small, mostly 

 perfect, in racemose corymbose or paniculate umbels. Flowers white or greenish. 

 Petioles sheathing at the base. Stipules none or inconspicuous. Pedicels jointed 

 below the flowers. Petals 5. spreading, obtuse, or with short inflexed points, val- 

 vate or slightly imbricate. Stamens 5. Disk depressed. Ovary 5-celled; styles 

 5. Fruit a small berry enclosing about 5 seeds. About 27 species, natives of N. 

 Am. and Asia. Besides the following, 2 others occur in the western U. S. 



Umbels numerous, panicled or racemose. 



Spiny shrub or tree; leaflets thick, ovat'-. 1. A. sfinosa. 



Branching unarm"' 1 *»erb; leaflets thin, large, cordate. 2. A. racemosa, 



