UMBELLIFERAE. 6S7 



2. Spermolepis echinatus (Nutt.) Heller. Bristly-fruited Spermolei'is. 

 (I. F. f. 2698.) Resembling the preceding, but lower, seldom over 3 dm. high, 

 the branches ascending or sometimes spreading. Rays very slender; iruit about 

 I mm. long, covered with spreading hooked bristles the ribs obsolete, the com- 

 missure narrow. Ala. to Mo., Tex. and Cal. April-May. 



44. PEUCEDANUM L. (See Appendix.) 



Perennial herbs, acaulescent or nearly so, from thick roots, with ternate, pin- 

 nate, or in our species bipinnate or finely dissected leaves, and compound umbels 

 of white or yellow flowers. Involucre none. Involucels of several or numerous 

 bracts. Calyx-teeth mostly obsolete. Stylopodium depressed or none. Fruit 

 oval, oblong, or orbicular, dorsally compressed. Carpels with filiform dorsal and 

 intermediate ribs, the lateral ones broadly winged; oil- tubes 1-4 (rarely more) in 

 the intervals, 2-10 on the commissural side. Seed-face flat or slightly concave. 

 [Name Greek.] About 125 species, of wide distribution. In addition to the fol- 

 lowing, about 47 others occur in western N. Am. 



Flowers white or pinkish. 1. P. nudicaule. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Fruit glabrous ; involucel-bracts united. 



Plant pubescent. 2. P. foeniculaceum. 



Plant glabrous. 3. P. Kingii. 



Fruit finely pubescent ; involucel-bracts linear, distinct. 4. P. villosum. 



1. Peucedanum nudicaule (Pursh) Nutt. White- flowered Parsley. 

 (I. F. f. 2645.) Leaves and peduncles 0.7-2 dm. high. Root elongated. Leaves 

 bipinnate, the segments oblong or ovate, generally pinnatifid into linear or linear- 

 oblong obtusish lobes; bracts of the involucels lanceolate, scarious-margined; um- 

 bel 4-8-rayed, the rays unequal, 1-4 cm. long in fruit; fruit oval or orbicular, 

 glabrous, 4-6 mm. long, the lateral wings narrower than the carpel, the dorsal and 

 intermediate ones inconspicuous; oil-tubes generally solitary in the intervals. In 

 dry soil. Minn, to Manitoba, Kans., the N. W. Terr, and N. Mex. March -May. 



2. Peucedanum foeniculaceum Nutt. Fennel-leaved Parsley. (I. F. f. 

 2646.) Peduncles 1-2.5 dm. high? usually exceeding the leaves. Leaves finely 

 dissected into short linear or filiform acute lobes and segments; umbels unequally 

 3-12-rayed, the rays 1-4 cm. long; involucels tomentose; fruit broadly oval, about 

 6 mm. long, the lateral wings narrower than the carpel, dorsal and intermediate 

 ones rather prominent; oil-tubes 1-3 in the intervals. Prairies, N. W. Terr, to S. 

 Dak., Kans., Mo. and Tex. March-April. 



3. Peucedanum Kingii S. Wats. King's Parsley. (I. F. f. 2647.) Scape 

 1.5-5 dm. high. Leaves long-petioled, pinnately or 2-pinnately divided into nar- 

 rowly linear segments 1 mm. wide or less; umbel unequally 4-20-rayed; rays 1- 

 4 cm. long; calyx-teeth short; fruit oblong, glabrous, 8-12 mm. long, nearly 4 mm 

 wide, the carpels with narrow lateral wings, the dorsal and intermediate ribs also 

 somewhat winged; oil-tubes 3-6 in the intervals, and 6-10 on the commissural 

 side. Western Neb. to Utah. June-Aug. 



4. Peucedanum villosum Nutt. Hairy Parsley. (I. F. f. 2648.) Tomen- 

 tose-pubescent ; peduncles 0.7-2 dm. long. Leaves finely dissected into narrowly 

 oblong obtuse lobes and segments; umbel 4-10-rayed, the rays 8-20 mm. long in 

 fruit; bracts of the involucels lanceolate, separate or nearly so; fruit oval, 6-7 mm. 

 long, about 5 mm. broad, the lateral wings narrower than the carpel, the dorsal 

 and intermediate ribs prominent; oil-tubes 3 or 4 in the intervals. Prairies and dry 

 soil, Neb. and S. Dak. to the N. W. Terr., N. Mex. and Cal. April-May. 



45. IMPERATORIA l. 



Tall perennial herbs, with ternately divided or 2-pinnate leaves, and compound 

 umbels of white flowers. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit flattened dorsally, broadly 

 oval, to nearly orbicular, the lateral ribs broadly winged all around, the interme- 

 diate and dorsal ribs slender, wingless; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and 2 on 

 the commissural side. Styles and stylopodium short. Seed-face flat. [Named for 

 its supposed forceful medicinal properties.] About 10 species, of the Old World. 



