LABIATAE. 793 



the apex, obtuse or subcordate at the base, sharply dentate or denticulate, dark 

 green, 5-13 cm. long; clusters in terminal spikes, or also in the upper axils; calyx 

 glabrous, or sparingly hirsute, 4 mm. long, its teeth one-half as long as the tube or 

 more; corolla 12-16 mm. long, pale red and purple. In moist fields and thickets, 

 N. V. to III., Kans., N. Car. and La. June-Aug. 



6. Stachys latidens Small. Broad-toothed Hedge Nettle. Simi- 

 lar to S. tenuifolia, glabrous, or very nearly so throughout. Leaves thin, all short- 

 petioled. crenate-dentate, the lower ovate to oval, obtusish, the upper lanceolate to 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 5-10 cm. long; spike interrupted; fruiting calyx 

 broadly campanulate, about 5 mm. long, its triangular sharp-pointed teeth 1 mm. 

 long. 1.5 mm. wide. White Top Mt., Va. (J. K. Small, 1892). 



7. Stachys palustris L. Hedge Nettle. Marsh or Clown's Wound- 

 wort. (I. F. f. 3 1 19.) Perennial, hirsute or pubescent; stem strict, retrorse- 

 hispid on the angles, 3-12 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate, oblong, or oblong-lanceo- 

 late, sessile, or very short-petioled, acuminate or acute, 5-13 cm. long; crenulate or 

 dentate; clusters forming an interrupted spike, sometimes also in the upper axils; 

 calyx pubescent, its teeth subulate; corolla purplish to pale red, purple spotted, 

 12-16 mm. long, its upper lip pubescent. In moist soil, Newf. to the N. W. Terr., 

 Mass., N. J., N. Y., Wise, and Minn. Also in Europe and Asia. June-Sept. 



8. Stachys aspera Michx. Rough Hedge Nettle or Woundwort. 

 (I. F. f. 3120.) Perennial, rough hairy ; stem 6-12 dm. high, commonly retrorse- 

 hispid on the angles. Leaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, crenate- 

 dentate, acute or acuminate, 5-15 cm. long, the lower slender-petioled; spike 

 mostly interrupted; clusters sometimes also in the upper axils; calyx about 6 mm. 

 long, its teeth triangular-lanceolate, acuminate; corolla red-purple, about 12 mm. 

 long, its upper lip pubescent. In moist soil, Ont. to N. E., Fla., Minn, and La. 

 June-Sept. 



9. Stachys cordata Riddell. Light-green Hedge Nettle. (I. F. f. 

 3 1 21.) Perennial, hirsute, pale green; stem slender, weak, 6-9 dm. long. Leaves 

 membranous, flaccid, ovate, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, acute or the 

 lowest obtuse, nearly all of them cordate at the base, dentate or crenate all around, 

 long-petioled, 7-15 cm. long, 2-8 cm. wide, the lowest petioles nearly as long as 

 the blades; calyx-teeth subulate-lanceolate; corolla purplish, pubescent or puber- 

 ulent, about 1 cm. long. In woods and thickets, Ohio to N. Car. and Tenn. July- 

 Aug. 



10. Stachys arvensis L. Corn or Field Woundwort. (I. F. f. 3122.) 

 Annual, hirsute; stem slender, diffusely branched, 0.5-6 dm. long. Leaves ovate 

 or ovate-oblong, thin, long-petioled, obtuse, crenate, cordate or the upper rounded 

 at the base, about 2.5 cm. long; lower petioles commonly as long as the blades; 

 clusters 4-6-flowered, in the upper axils and in short terminal spikes; calyx about 

 6 mm. long, its teeth lanceolate, acuminate; corolla purplish, 6-10 mm. long. In 

 waste places, Me., Mass., and in ballast about the eastern seaports. Nat. from 

 Europe. July-Oct. 



11. Stachys Germanica L. Downy Woundwort. Mouse-ear. (I. F. 

 f. 3122^.) Annual; stem 3-9 dm. high. Leaves oval, ovate or lanceolate, cre- 

 nate-dentate, villous, the lower rounded or subcordate at the base, long-petioled, 

 mostly obtuse, the upper narrowed at both ends ; clusters of flowers dense, borne in 

 most of the axils; bracts lanceolate, half as long as the calyx; calyx-teeth ovate, 

 acuminate, awned; corolla purple, its tube about as long as the calyx. Roadsides 

 near Guelph, Ont. Adventive from Europe. July-Sept. 



21. BETONICA L. 



Annual or perennial herbs, similar to Stachys. Ixnver leaves very long-peti- 

 oled. Verticils many- flowered, in terminal spikes. Calyx nearly equally 5 -toothed, 

 5-10-nerved. Corolla purple, the tube exceeding the calyx, the limb strongly 

 2-lipped; upper lip concave; lower 3-cleft, spreading. Stamens and pistil as in 

 Stachys, but the anther-sacs parallel in some species. Nutlets ovoid, rounded 

 above. [The classical Latin name of Wood Betony.] Ten species, 01 more, na- 

 tives of Europe and Asia. 



1. Betonica officinalis L. Betony. Wood Betony. (I. F. f. 3123.) Per- 

 ennial, deep green; stem erect, 3-9 dm. tall. Leaves oblong or ovate, obtuse, 



