SCROPHULARIA C£AE. 82 1 



I-2.5 cm. long, acute or acutish at the apex, triangular, hastate, truncate, or sub- 

 cordate at the base, the basal auricles divergent, acute; flowers about 6 mm. long; 

 peduncles filiform; calyx-segments narrowly lanceolate, acute; corolla yellowish, 

 purplish beneath, its spur slender, straight, declined; capsule subglobose. In 

 sandy waste places, Canada; N. V. to N. Car. and Ga. Nat. from Europe. June- 

 Sept.' \Elatinoides E laline Wettst.] 



4. LINARIA Hill. 



Herbs, some exotic species shrubby, with alternate leaves, or the lower and 

 those of sterile shoots opposite or verticillate, the flowers in terminal bracted 

 racemes or spikes or axillary. Calyx 5-parted, the segments imbricated. Corolla 

 irregular, spurred at the base, 2 -lipped, the upper lip erect, 2-lobed, covering the 

 lower in the bud. the lower spreading, 3-lobed, its base produced into a palate 

 o^ten nearly closing the throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending, included; 

 filaments and style filiform. Capsule opening by I or more mostly 3-toothed pores 

 or slits below the summit. Seeds numerous, angled or rugose. [Latin, linum, 

 flax, which some species resemble.] About 150 species, of wide distribution. 

 Besides the following, another occurs in southern Florida. The corolla, especially 

 the terminal one of the raceme, occasionally has 5 spurs and is regularly 5 lobed, 

 and is then said to be in the Peloria state. 



Flowers yellow, 1.5-3 cm « long- 

 Leaves linear ; flowers 2.5-3 cm « l° n g 5 seeds winged. 1. L. Linaria. 

 Leaves lanceolate; flowers 1.5-2 cm. long; seeds wingless. 2. L. genistaefolia. 



Flowers blue to white, 6-12 mm. long. 



Spur of corolla filiform, curved; native species. 3. L. Canadensis. 



Spur of corolla short, conic; European adventive species. 4. L. repens. 



1. Linaria Linaria (L.) Karst Ranstead. Butter-and-Eggs. Yellow 

 Toad-flax. (I. F, f. 3236.) Perennial, pale green; stems erect, leafy, glabrous, or 

 sparingly glandular-pubescent above, 3-9 dm. high. Leaves sessile, entire, mostly al- 

 ternate, 1-4 cm. long. 2-3 mm. wide; flowers densely racemose, the palate orange- 

 colored; pedicels 4-8 mm. long, nearly erect; calyx-segments oblong, acutish; 

 spur subulate, nearly as long as the body of the corolla; middle lobe of the lower 

 lip shorter than the other two; capsule ovoid. In fields and waste places, N. S. to 

 Manitoba, Va. and Kans. Nat. from Europe. June-Oct. [L. vulgaris Mill.] 



2. Linaria genistaefolia (L.) Mill. Broom-leaved Toad-flax. (I. F. f. 

 3237.) Similar to the preceding but more glaucous, usually paniculately branched; 

 leaves sessile, 2.5-9 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide, acute or acuminate; flowers 

 loosely racemose; pedicels short; spur of the corolla nearly as long as the tube. 

 Sparingly established on the northern part of N. Y. Island; station now nearly or 

 quite obliterated. Nat. or adventive from Europe. June-Aug. 



3. Linaria Canadensis (L.) Dumont. Blue or Wild Toad-flax. (I. F. f. 

 3238.) Biennial or annual, glabrous; flowering stems erect or ascending, very slen- 

 der, 1-8 dm. high; sterile shoots procumbent, leafy. Leaves linear or linear- 

 oblong, 8-30 mm. long, entire, sessile, those of the sterile shoots, or some of them, 

 usually opposite; flowers 6-8 mm. long, in slender racemes; pedicels appressed in 

 fruit; calyx-segments lanceolate, acute, or acuminate, about as long as the cap- 

 sule; spur of the corolla as long as the tube or longer; palate a white convex 2- 

 ridged projection; seeds wingless. In dry soil, N. S. to Fla., Ore. and Cal. 

 Also in Cent, and S. Am. A dwarf form with no corolla is frequent. May-Sept. 



4. Linaria repens (L.) Mill. Pale-blue Toad-flax. (I. F. f. 3239.) 

 Glabrous, perennial by a creeping rootstock, 2-8 dm. high. Leaves linear, entire, 

 short-petioled or sessile, 1-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, narrowed to both ends, the 

 lower crowded, sometimes whorled; flowers in slender terminal racemes; pedicels 

 4-10 mm. long; bracts narrowly linear, acute; corolla nearly white, but striped 

 with blue or purple, about 12 mm. long; spur short, conic; capsule subglobose; 

 seeds wrinkled. Newf. and in ballast about the Atlantic seaports. Adventive 

 from Europe. Summer. 



Chaencrrhinum minus (L.) Lange (Linaria minor (L.) Desf), a low glandular 

 branched annual, with solitary, axillary, long-peduncled, very small flowers, the palate 

 n< t closing the throat of the corolla, the leaves linear, is reported from N. B. and 

 Out. Adventive from Europe. 



