SCROPHULARIACEAE. 837 



outline, all pinnatifid or deeply incised. 5-10 cm. long; upper leaves smaller, ses- 

 sile; pedicel?, even in fruit. Sorter than the calyx; calyx-lobes oblong or ovate, 

 about as lung as the tube; corolla 3-5 cm. long, its tube much expanded above. In 

 dry woods and thickets, Minn, and Wis. to Tenn.. Kans. and Tex. July-Aug. 



6. Dasystoma laevigata Rail Entire-leaved False Foxglove. (L F. 

 f. 3306.) Glabrous or nearly so, not glaucous; stem simple, or sparingly branched, 

 3-9 dm. high. Leaves usually all petioled, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-10 cm. 

 long, entire, or the lowest dentate or incised; pedicels shorter than the calyx, or in 

 fruit longer; calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, equalling or shorter than the tube; corolla 

 2.5-4 cm. long, the limb fully as broad, the tube much expanded above; capsule 

 glabrous, twice as long as the calyx. In dry thickets, Penn. to Mich., south to Ga. 

 July-Aug. 



7. Dasystoma Virginica (L.) Eritton. Smooth False Foxglove. (I. F. 

 f'33°7-) Glabrous and glaucous; stem usually branched, 9-18 dm. high. Leaves 

 usually all petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate in outline, the lower 1-2-pinnatifid, 

 10-15 cm. long, the upper pinnatifid or deeply incised, the lobes lanceolate or 

 oblong, acute; fruiting pedicels mostly longer than the calyx; calyx-lobes ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, about equalling the tube; corolla 3.5-5 cm. long, its 

 tube not widely expanded above; capsule glabrous, twice as long as the calyx. In 

 dry or moist woods. Me. to Minn., Fla. and 111. July-Sept. 



25. GERARDIA L. (See Appendix.) 

 Erect herbs, some South American species shrubby, mainly with opposite and 

 sessile leaves. Flowers showy, usually large. Calyx campanulate, 5 -toothed, or 

 5-lobed. Corolla somewhat irregular, campanulate, or funnelform, the tube broad, 

 the limb 5-lobed. slightly 2-lipped, the lower lobes exterior in the bud. Stamens 4, 

 didynamous, included; filaments pubescent; anthers 2-celled, their sacs obtuse or 

 mucronate at the base; style filiform. Capsule loculicidally dehiscent, many- 

 seeded. Seeds mostly angled. [Named for John Gerarde, surgeon and botanist, 

 author of the Herbal (1597), died 1612.] About 40 species, natives of America. 

 Besides the following, some 10 others occur in the southern U. S. 



• Flowers pedicelled: anthers all alike. 

 Pedicels in flower shorter than the calyx, or but 1-2 times as long. 

 Corolla 2-2.6 cm. long. 



Calyx-teeth minute; root perennial. 1. G. Iinifoha. 



Calyx-teeth triangular, lanceolate or oblong, acute: annuals. 



Leaves very scabrous, filiform; capsule oblong. 2. G. aspera. 



Leaves slightly scabrous, linear; capsule globose. 3. G. purpurea. 



Corolla 1-1.6 cm. long. 



Calyx-teeth triangular-subulate, acute. 4. G. paupercula. 



Calyx-teeth broad, short, obtuse. 5. G. maritima. 



Pedicels in flower 2-6 times as long as the calyx. 



Leaves linear, spreading or ascending; capsule globose. 

 Leaves 0.5-2.5 mm. wide, 1-4 cm. long. 



Lobes of the corolla entire, or barely emarginate. 

 Corolla 12-20 mm. long, pink to purple. 



Leaves linear, 2.5 mm. wide or less. 6. G. tenuifolia. 



Leaves filiform-linear, less than 1 mm. wide. 7. G. Holmiana. 

 Corolla less than 10 mm. long, yellowish-pink. 8. G. viridis. 



Lobes of the corolla all obcordate. 9. G. decemloba. 



Leaves 2-4 mm. wide, 4-9 cm. long; pedicels ascending. 10. G. Besseyana. 

 Leaves subulate-spatulate, short, nearly erect; capsule oblong. 11. G. Skinneriana. 

 * * Flowers sessile; anthers of the shorter stamens smaller. 

 Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, entire or nearly so. 12. G. auriculata. 



Leaves pinnately divided into 3-7 linear-segments. 13. G. densiflora. 



i. Gerardia iinifolia Nutt Flax-leaved Gerardia. (I. F. f. 3308.) 

 Glabrous, 6-9 dm. high. Leaves narrowly linear. 2-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, 

 •lie upper much smaller and subulate: pedicels erect, in flower equalling or 

 a little longer than the calyx, longer in fruit; calyx campanulate, truncate; corolla 

 purple, about 2.5 cm. long, narrower than that of the two following species, villous 

 within, the lobes ciiiate; filaments and anthers densely villous; anther-sacs mucro- 

 nate at the base; capsule globose, 4-6 mm. in diameter, but little longer than the 

 calyx. In moist pine barrens, Del. to Fla. and Cuba. Aug. -Sept. 



