bCROPHULARlACE.i^. 839 



bright pink, about 1 cm. long, its lobes all spreading, obcordate in grassy places, 

 Brookland, D. C. Oct. 



10. Gerardia Besseyana Britton. Bessey's Gerardia. (I. F. f. 3314.) 

 Annual, strict, 3-6 dm. high, the branches ascending or nearly erect. Leaves 

 linear, 2-5 cm. long. 2 4 mm. wide, scabrous, acute, ascending; pedicels ascend, 

 ing. longer than the flowers; calyx campanulate, its teeth triangular-subulate, one- 

 tlnrd to one-half the length of the tube; corolla purple, 10-12 mm. long; capsule 

 globose, 4-6 mm. in diameter. On dry hills and prairies, Iowa to S. Dak., Colo., 

 La. and Kans. July-Sept. 



11. Gerardia Skinneriana Wood. Skinner's Gerardia. (I. F. f. 3315.) 

 Annual, roughish; stem strict, striate. 1.5-4.5 dm. high, slender. Leaves ascend- 

 ing or commonly erect and appressed, 1-2.5 cm. long, I mm. wide or less, the 

 uppermost minute; pedicels longer than the calyx, scarcely longer than the flowers, 

 2-4 times the length of the capsule; calyx-teeth minute; corolla light purple, 10- 

 12 mm. long and about as broad, its lobes ciliolate; capsule oblong, 4-6 mm. high. 

 In dry sandy woods and thickets, Mass. to Fla., Minn., Kans. and La. Aug.-Oct. 



12. Gerardia auriculata Michx. Auricled Gerardia. (I. F. f. 3316.) 

 Annual, scabrous, hirsute. 3-6 dm. high. Leaves acuminate, sessile, mostly 

 rounded and 2-lobed at the base, or entire, 2-5 cm. long, the basal lobes obtusish, 

 short; flowers solitary in the upper axils, sessile, purple, 1.5-2 cm. long; calyx 

 5 -cleft, its lobes lanceolate, acute, slightly unequal, as long as or longer than the 

 tube; corolla densely puberulent outside, glabrous within; filaments glabrous; 

 anthers of the shorter stamens smaller than those of the longer; anther-sacs obtuse 

 at the base; capsule oval-oblong, about 1.2 cm. high, a little shorter than the calyx. 

 In moist open soil, Penn. to Minn., N. Car. and Kans. Adventive at Woodbridge, 

 N. J. July-Sept. 



13. Gerardia densifiora Benth. Cut-leaved Gerardia. (I. F. f. 3317.) 

 Annual, scabrous and short-hispid, stiff, 3-8 dm. high, very leafy. Leaves sessile, 

 ovate in outline, ascending, about 2.5 cm. long, pinnately parted into 3-7 acute 

 rigid segments less than 2 mm. wide; flowers 2.5-3 cm. long, rose-purple, sessile 

 in the upper axils; calyx 5 -cleft, its lobes linear, acuminate, ciliate, about as long 

 as the tube; corolla glabrous both outside and within; anthers of the shorter 

 stamens smaller than those of the longer; capsule about 6 mm. high, shorter than 

 the calyx. On dry prairies, Kans. to Tex. Aug.-Oct. 



26. CASTILLEJA Mutis. 



Herbs, parasitic on the roots of other plants, with alternate leaves; flowers in 

 dense leafy-bracted spikes, the bracts often brightly colored and larger than the 

 flowers. Calyx tubular, laterally compressed, cleft at the summit on the upper 

 side, or also on the lower. Corolla very irregular, its tube not longer than the 

 • calyx, its limb 2-lipped; upper lip (galea) arched, elongated, laterally compressed, 

 entire, enclosing the 4 didynamous stamens; lower lip short, 3-lobed. Anther-sacs 

 unequal, the outer one attached to the filament by its middle, the inner one pendu- 

 lous from its apex. Style filiform. Capsule loculicidally dehiscent, many-seeded. 

 Seeds reticulated. [Named for Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.] About 50 species, 

 mostly of the New World. In addition to the following, about 40 others occur in 

 western N. Am. 



* Plants villous-pubescent. 

 Bracts broad, dilated, lobed, or entire. 



Stem leaves deeply and irregularly cleft into narrow segments. x. C. coccinea. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire, or rarely with a few lobes. 2. C. indivisa. 



Bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, entire. 3. C. minor. 



** Plants glabrous, woolly at the summit, or cinereous-puberulent. 

 Glabrous, or tomentose at the summit; leaves lanceolate, mostly entire. 



4. C. acuminata. 

 Cinereous-puberulent, pale; stem leaves cleft. 5. C. sessilijiora. 



1. Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Scarlet Painted-cup. (I. F. f. 3318.) 



Annual or biennial ; stem simple, or with few erect branches, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves 

 sessile, parallel-veined, the basal oblong, obovate, or linear, tufted, mostly entire, 

 2-8 en., long, those of the stem 3-5-cleft into obtusish segments, the bracts broader 

 and shorter, 3-5-'.obed or cleft, bright red or scarlet, conspicuous; flowers sessile, 



