S6o FLORA. 



ovary and a long-exserted filiform style. Fruit an indehiscent I-seeded nutlet 

 [Latin, shore.] A monotypic genus of Europe- and X. Am. 



i. Littorella uniflora (L. ) Aschers. Plantain Shore-weed. Shore-grass. 

 (I. F. f. 3392.) Tufted, usually growing in mats; leaves bright green, 2-8 cm. 

 long, 1-2 mm. wide, spreading or ascending, mostly longer than the scapes oi the 

 staminate flowers, which bear a small bract at about the middle; sepals lanceolate, 

 mostly obtuse, sometimes only 3 in the fertile flowers; stamens conspicuous, 8-j2 

 mm. long; corolla-lobes ovate, subacute; pistillate flowers very small; nutlet about 

 2 mm. long. Borders of lakes and ponds, Me. and Vt. to N. S. and Ont. July- 

 Aug. [L. lacustris L.J 



Order 7. RUBIALES. 



Corolla gamopetalous. Anthers separate, the stamens as many as 

 the corolla-lobes and alternate with them (one fewer in Linncea of the 

 Caprifoliaceae) or twice as many. Ovary compound, inferior, adnate to 

 the calyx-tube. Ovules 1 or more in each cavity of the ovary. Leaves 

 opposite or verticillate. 



Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes. 



Leaves always stipulate, usually blackening in drying. Fam. i. Rubiaceae. 



Leaves usually estipulate, not blackening in drying. Fam. 2. Caprifoliaceae. 



Stamens twice as many as the corolla-lobes; low herb with ternately divided leaves. 



Fam. 3. Adoxaceae. 



Family 1. RUBIACEAE B. Juss. 

 Madder Family. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with simple, opposite or sometimes verticil- 

 late, mostly stipulate leaves, and perfect, often dimorphous or trimor- 

 phous, regular and nearly symmetrical flowers. Calyx-tube adnate to the 

 ovary, its limb various. Corolla funnelform, club-shaped, campanulate, 

 or rotate, 4-5 lobed. Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and 

 alternate with them, inserted on its tube or throat. Ovary 1-10-celled ; 

 style simple or lobed ; ovules 1-00 in each cavity. Fruit a capsule, berry, 

 or drupe. Seeds various ; seed-coat membranous or crustaceous ; endo- 

 sperm fleshv or horny (wanting in some exotic genera) ; cotyledons ovj 1 • 

 cordate, or foliaceous. 



About 355 genera and 5500 species of wide distribution. 



* Leaves opposite, stipulate (sometimes verticillate in No. 3), 

 Ovules numerous in each cavity of the ovary; herbs. 



Top of the capsule free from the ovary; seeds few, peltate. 1. Houston /'.?. 



Capsule wholly adnate to the ovary; seeds minute, angular. 2. OldenU 



Ovules 1 in each cavity of the ovary. 



Shrubs or small trees ; flowers in dense globular heads. 3. Cepha!.^ 



Low evergreen herbs; flowers 2 together, their ovaries united. 4. Mitchella. 



Herbs; flowers axillary, nearly sessile, distinct. 



Capsule separating into 2 dehiscent carpels. 5. Spermacoce. 



Capsule separating into 2 (or 3) indehiscent carpels. 6. Diodia. 



** Leaves appearing verticillate; herbs (some of the leaves rarely opposite in No. 7. 

 Corolla rotate; calyx-teeth minute or none. 7- Galium. 



Corolla funnelform. 



Flowers in involucrate heads. 8. Sherardia. 



Flowers in panicles. 9- Asperula. 



x. HOUSTONIA L. 



Usually tufted herbs, with opposite entire often ciliate leaves, and small blue 

 purple or white, mostly dimorphous flowers. Calyx-tube globose or ovoid, 4-lobed, 

 the lobes distant. Corolla funnelform or salverform, 4-lobed, the lobes v.ilvate. 

 Stamens 4. inserted on the tube or throat of the corolla. Ovary 2-celled. Style 

 slender ; ovules numerous; stigmas 2, linear. Capsule partly inferior, its summit 



