978 FLORA. 



3. Gnaphalium decurrens Ives. Clammy Everlasting. Winged Cud- 

 WEi.i). (1. F. f. 3853.) Annual or biennial, similar to the two preceding species, 

 fragrant; stem very leafy, glandular- viscid, 6-9 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate or 

 broadly linear, acutish at the apex, densely white- woolly beneath, glabrate or 

 loosely woolly above, sessile and decurrent on the stem at the base, 3-7 cm. long, 

 4-6 mm. wide, or the lowest shorter and slightly spatulate; heads about 6 mm. 

 high; bracts of the involucre white or brownish, ovate, acutish or the inner lance- 

 olate and acute, the outer woolly at the base; achenes glabrous. In open, moist or 

 dry places, N. S. to Penn., west to western Ont., Mich, and Br. Col., south in 

 the Rocky Mts. to Ariz. July-Sept. 



4. Gnaphalium palustre Nutt. Western Marsh Cudweed. (I. F. f. 3854. ) 

 Annual; diffusely branched from the base, densely but loosely floccose- woolly all 

 over, 5-20 cm. high. Leaves sessile, oblong, linear-oblong, or the lower spatulate, 

 obtuse or acutish, 12-25 mm. long, 3-6 mm. wide; heads about 4 mm. high, sev- 

 eral together in leafy-bracted glomerules; involucre more or less woolly, its bracts 

 linear or lanceolate, acute, white or pale yellow. In moist wet soil, N. W. Terr. 

 to western Neb. and N. Mex., west to Br. Col. and Cal. May-Aug. 



5. Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Low or Marsh Cudweed. Wartwort. 

 Mouse-ear. (I. F. f. 3855.) Annual; diffusely branched from the base, or the 

 stems sometimes erect or ascending, 5-20 cm. high. Leaves sessile, spatulate- 

 linear, linear, or the lower oblanceolate or spatulate and narrowed into petioles, all 

 obtuse or obtusish, generally mucronulate, 2-4 cm. long; heads about 4 mm. high, 

 numerous in dense leafy-bracted terminal glomerules; bracts of the involucre ob- 

 long or oblong-lanceolate, the outer obtuse or obtusish and more or less woolly, 

 the inner acute. In damp soil, Newf. to Va. west to western Ont., Minn, and 

 Ind. Apparently nat. from Europe, where it is common. Occurs also in the far 

 Northwest, where it is probably indigenous. July-Sept. 



6. Gnaphalium supinum L. Dwarf Cudweed. (I. F. f. 3856.) Peren- 

 nial, white-woolly, much tufted; stems simple, 2-8 cm. high.' Leaves mainly 

 basal, linear, acute, narrowed at the base, sessile, 12-25 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide; 

 heads few or several, capitate or short- spicate, about 6 mm. high; flowers yellow- 

 ish; bracts of the involucre brown, glabrous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute. 

 Alpine summits of the mountains of Me. and N. H. ; Lab. and Greenland, and in 

 Europe and Asia. July-Aug. 



7. Gnaphalium Norvegicum Gunner. Norwegian Cudweed. (I. F. f. 

 3857.) Perennial; stem simple, 1.5-4.5 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate to spatulate, 

 elongated, acute, narrowed at the base, woolly on both sides, or green and glabrate 

 above, 7-15 cm. long, 4-10 mm. wide, the lower and basal ones petioled; heads 

 about 6 mm. high, the lowest often distant, solitary or glomerate in the upper 

 axils; bracts of the involucre ovate-oblong, dark brown, or brown-tipped, glabrous 

 or slightly woolly, obtuse; achenes hispidulous. Mt. Albert, Gaspe, Quebec, north 

 to Greenland and arctic Am. Also in Europe. July-Aug. 



8. Gnaphalium sylvaticum L. Wood Cudweed. Chafeweed. Owl's 

 Crown. Golden Motherwort. (I. F. f. 3858.) Perennial; stem slender, 

 simple, 1.5-4.5 dm. high. Leaves linear, acute, 3-5 cm. long, about 2 mm. wide, 

 or the lowest linear-spatulate, woolly beneath, glabrous or glabrate above; heads 

 about 6 mm. high; brads of the involucre linear-oblong, obtuse, mostly glabrous, 

 yellowish or greenish with a brown spot at or just below the apex; achenes hispid- 

 ulous. N. EL, N. B. and Cape Breton Island, perhaps introduced from Europe. 

 Widely distributed in Europe and northern Asia. June-Aug. 



9. Gnaphalium purpureum L. Purplish Cudweed. (I. F. f. 3859.) An, 

 nual or biennial, simple and erect, or branched from the base and the branches 

 ascending, 5-6 dm. high. Leaves spatulate, or the uppermost linear, mostly ob- 

 tuse, mucronulate, woolly beneath, usually green and glabrous or nearly so above 

 when old, sessile, or the lowest narrowed into petioles. 3-5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide; 

 heads 4-5 mm. high; bracts of the involucre yellowish brown or purplish, lance, 

 olate-oblong, acute or acutish, the outer woolly at the base; achenes roughish. In 

 dry sandy soil, eastern Me. to Fla., west to Penn., W. Va., Ky., Kans., Tex. and 

 Mex. Also on the Pacific Coast and in S. Am. May-Sept. 



