99° FLORA. 



rough-ciliate on the margins and with some appressed hairs on both surfaces; 

 peduncle long, stout; rays 3-5 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, narrowed below, droop- 

 ing, "very dark red " according to Nuttall, apparently yellow in Missouri speci- 

 mens. Ark. and Mo. 



63. BORRICHIA Adans. 



Fleshy, more or less canescent, branching shrubs of the seacoast, with opposite 

 entire or denticulate, cuneate, oblong, spatulate or obovate, 1-3-nerved leaves, and 

 terminal large long-peduncled heads of both tubular and radiate yellow flowers. 

 Involucre hemispheric, its bracts slightly unequal, imbricated in 2 or 3 series, the 

 inner ones coriaceous. Receptacle convex, chaffy, the chaff rigid, concave, 

 subtending or enwrapping the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers pistillate, fertile. Disk- 

 flowers perfect, the corolla tubular, 5-toothed, the style-branches elongated, hispid. 

 Anthers dark colored, entire at the base, or minutely sagittate. Achenes of the 

 ray-flowers 3-sided, those of the disk-flowers 4-sided. Pappus a short dentate 

 crown. [Named for Olaf Borrick, a Danish botanist.] About 5 species, natives 

 of America. In addition to the following, another occurs in South Fla. 



1. Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. Sea Ox-eye. (I. F. f. 3897.) Finely 

 canescent, even when old; stems terete, sparingly branched, 3-12 dm. high. 

 Leaves mostly erect or ascending, spatulate or obovate, fleshy, tapering to the 

 sessile base, somewhat connate, 3-7 cm. long. 4-14 mm. wide ; heads solitary or 

 few, about 25 mm. broad ; rays 15-25, rather short ; exterior bracts of the in- 

 volucre ovate and somewhat spreading, the inner ones and the chaff of the recep- 

 tacle cuspidate. Seacoast, Va. to Fla. and Tex. Also on the coasts of Mex. and 

 W. Ind. April-Oct. 



64. HELIANTHUS L. 



Erect, annual or perennial, mostly branched herbs, with opposite or alternate 

 simple leaves, and large peduncled corymbose or solitary heads of both tubular 

 and radiate flowers, the rays yellow, the disk yellow, brown or purple. Involucre 

 hemispheric or depressed, its bracts imbricated in several series. Receptacle flat, 

 convex or conic, chaffy, the chaff subtending the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers neutral 

 (in our species), the rays spreading, mostly entire. Disk flowers perfect, fertile, 

 the corolla tubular, the tube short, the limb 5-lobed. Anthers entire, or minutely 

 2-toothed at the base. Style-branches tipped with hirsute appendages. Achenes 

 thick, oblong or obovate, compressed, or somewhat 4-angled. Pappus of 2 scales 

 or awns, or sometimes with 2-4 additional shorter ones, deciduous. [Greek, sun- 

 flower.] About 60 species, natives of the New World. Besides the following, 

 about 25 others occur in the southern and western parts of N. Am. 



* Disk purple, purplish or brown ; receptacle flat or convex. 



1. Leaves mostly alternate, the lower opposite. 

 Leaves narrow, linear or lanceolate ; perennials. 



Stem rough; leaves linear or linear-lanceolate; eastern. 1. H. angusti/olius. 



Stem glabrous ; leaves elongated-linear; western. 2. H. orgyalis. 



Leaves broad, ovate ; annuals. 



Leaves dentate; bracts ovate, acuminate, ciliate, hispid. 3. H. annuus. 

 Leaves entire or nearly so ; bracts lanceolate, canescent. 4. II. petiolaris. 



2. Leaves mostly opposite, the upper alternate. 



Leaves hispid, abruptly contracted into winged petioles. 5. //. atrorubens. 



Leaves gradually narrowed into petioles. 



Stem-leaves lanceolate ; involucral bracts acuminate. 6. //. scabcrrimus. 



Stem-leaves rhombic-ovate to lanceolate ; involucral bracts acute. 



7. //. subrhomboideus. 



* * Disk yellow or yellowish; receptacle convex or conic. 

 + Leaves nearly all basal or near the base of the stem; upper bract-like. 



8. II. occidentalis. 



f \ Stems leafy ; leaves alternate or opposite. 

 I. Leaves prevailingly lanceolate and 3-8 times as long as wide, 

 a. Leaves glabrous on both sides ; heads 2.5-4 cm - broad. 



9. //. laevigatas. 

 b. Leaves scabrous, at least on the upper surface. 



Heads 1-3.5 cm. broad , leaves thin , stem glabrous. 10. H. microcephalus. 



