1024 FLORA. 



i. Mesadenia reniformis (Muhl.) Ra£ Great Indian Plantain. Wild 

 COLLARD. (I. F. f. 4029.) Glabrous; stem angled and grooved, 1-3 m. high. 

 Leaves green both sides, the basal and lower reniform, long-petioled, sometimes 

 6 dm. wide, the upper ovate or fan-shaped, mostly cuneate at the base, the upper- 

 most small and oblong; heads numerous, mostly 5-flovvered, about 5 mm. broad, in 

 large compound corymbs; involucre 6-8 mm. high. In woods, N. J. and Penn. to 

 Minn., south to N. C. and Tenn. July-Sept. [Cacalia reniformis Muhl. | 



2. Mesadenia atriplicifolia (L.) Raf. Pale Indian Plantain. (I. F. f. 

 4030.) Stem terete, glabrous, glaucous, 9-18 dm. high. Leaves thin, the lower and 

 basal ones slender- petioled, sometimes 15 cm. wide, the upper reniform, fan-shaped, 

 or triangular with a nearly truncate base, the uppermost commonly small, lanceo- 

 late or oblong and entire; heads very numerous, about 3 mm. broad, in large loose 

 compound corymbs; involucre 6-8 mm. high. In woods, W. Ont. to Minn., south 

 to Fla., Mo. and Kans. July-Sept. [Cacalia atriplicifolia L.] 



3. Mesadenia tuberosa (Nutt.) Britton. Tuberous Indian Plantain. 

 (I. F. f. 4031.) Glabrous and green throughout; stem angled, stout, 6-18 dm. 

 high. Leaves strongly 5-9-nerved, the lower and basal ones oval, ovate, or ovate- 

 lanceolate, obtuse or acutish, usually quite entire, but sometimes rapand, long peti- 

 oled, narrowed at the base, or rarely subcordate, 1-2 dm. long, 2-7 cm. wide; up- 

 per leaves ovate to oblong or cuneate-obovate, sessile or short-petioled, much smaller; 

 heads very numerous in a compound corymb, mostly 5-flowered, about 4 mm. broad; 

 involucre 6-8 mm. high. On wet prairies and in marshes, Ohio and W. Ont. to 

 Minn., Ala., La., Ark. and Kans. June-Aug. [Cacalia tuberosa Nutt.] 



95. SYNOSMA Raf. 



A perennial leafy herb, glabrous or very nearly so, with triangular or hastate, 

 alternate leaves, the lower petioled, the upper sessile, and several or numerous, 

 corymbose or corymbose-paniculate, discoid heads of white or pinkish flowers. 

 Involucre nearly cylindric, its principal bracts 12-15, linear, acute, usually with 

 some subulate outer ones. Receptacle flat, naked. Flowers perfect; corolla 5- 

 lobed. Style-branches not appendaged. Pappus of very numerous white soft 

 capillary bristles. [Greek, perhaps signifying a fragrant composite.] A mono' 

 typic genus of eastern North America. 



1. Synosma suaveolens (L.) Raf. Sweet-scented Indian Plantain. 

 (I. F. f. 4032.) Glabrous or very nearly so throughout; stem striate, 1-1.5 m. 

 high, leafy to the inflorescence. Leaves triangular-lanceolate or hastate, sharply 

 and irregularly serrate, acuminate, 1-2.5 dm. l° n g> 5 -I 5 cm * wide at the base, 

 the auricles sometimes with 1 or 2 lobes on the lower side; petioles margined, or 

 those of the basal leaves naked and slender; uppermost leaves sometimes merely 

 lanceolate and sessile; heads 4-6 mm. broad in a usually large and compound 

 corymb; involucre 8-12 mm. high, its principal bracts linear, acute; heads 20-30- 

 flowered. In woods, Conn, and N. J. to 111. and Minn., south to Fla., W. Va. 

 and Ky. Aug.-Oct. [Cacalia suaveolens L.J 



96. SENECIO L. 



Annual or perennial herbs (some tropical species shrubby or even arborescent), 

 with alternate or basal leaves, and solitary corymbose or paniculate many-flowered 

 heads, of both tubular and radiate, or only tubular flowers, in our species yellow. 

 Involucre cylindric or campanulate, its principal bracts in 1 series, distinct, or 

 united at the base, usually with some shorter outer ones. Receptacle flat or slightly 

 convex, mostly naked, often honeycombed. Rays, when present, pistillate, fer- 

 tile. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, their corollas tubular, the limb 5 -toothed or 5- 

 lobed. Anthers obtuse and entire at the base, or rarely slightly sagittate. Style- 

 branches of the disk-flowers usually recurving or spreading. Achenes terete, or 

 those of the marginal flowers somewhat compressed, 5-10-ribbed, papillose, or 

 canescent. at least after wetting, and then usually emitting a pair of spiral threads. 

 Pappus of numerous slender or capillary, smooth or rough, mostly white bristles. 

 [Latin. sr>ir\\ an old man. referring to the hoary character of some species, or to 

 the white pappus.*] An immense genus of probably at least 1000 species, of very 

 wide geographic distribution. In addition to the following, some 70 others occur 



