106 B. N. A. BOUNDARY COMMISSION. p 
clays, is a much better defined member of the section than Division a. 
It is exposed chiefly in the banks of the smaller ravines, but also in the 
upper parts of those of the main brooks. The nodules which it contains 
are large and irregular, but often approach more or less closely to a 
spherical form. They are arranged in horizontal lines in the exposures. 
No fossils were found in this part of the section. 
258. The line of separation between divisions y. and ¢., is quite 
well-marked, by the change in colour. The latter shows scarcely a 
trace of stratification lines. I was very anxious to obtain fossils from it, 
but succeeded only in collecting a few small fragments. They, however, 
indicate purely marine conditions; and one of them is referable to the 
genus Leda or Yoldia. The identification of the horizon of this bed does 
not, howevever, depend on such slight grounds as these, as it was 
afterwards traced westward, and found to be continuous with well-marked 
fossiliferous Cretaceous rocks. , 
259. Divisions a. and 8. of this section, clearly belong to the Lignite 
Tertiary. They probably represent, however, merely the lower layers, 
and differ somewhat in lithological character and arrangement, from 
those seen at Porcupine Creek, thirty miles east of this place, and at 
other localities still further eastward. These beds, no doubt, belong to a 
~ lower part of the series than is exposed in any of the sections examined 
between this locality and the Missouri Coteau, and are probably also 
older than any of those found in the Souris Valley. The beds described 
as occurring on the trail south of Wood Mountain, (§249) belong to 
about the same horizon, and it is probable that those seen in some places 
on the Traders’ Road, may not be much higher up in the series. It would 
appear that the conditions most favourable to the formation of deposits 
of lignite, did not occur frequently or continue long in the earlier stages 
of the formation in this locality. 
260. Division 6. being certainly Cretaceous, it only remains to 
classify division y., which is so markedly different in character from the 
beds above and below it. This bed, I believe, represents group No. 5, of 
the Cretaceous ; or the Fox Hill group of Meek and Hayden. It was 
frequently observed at other places further west, and its relations will be 
more fully discussed in the sequel. 
261. The Lignite beds occurring in division 8., have been burned 
away over great areas in this region. Numerous red-topped hills are 
seen, the capping being composed of indurated clays and sandstones, 
often with much the colour and appearance of red brick. The tops of 

