

CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY—GENERAL ARRANGEMENT. 157 
River beds of the Missouri, I have little doubt of the identity of the 
formations. The age of these Judith River beds has long been an 
unsettled question, and they have only lately been included by some 
geologists, with the remainder of the Lignite Tertiary, and called Cre- 
taceous. Dr. Hayden was only prevented from calling them Fort 
Union Tertiary * by the occurrence of certain vertebrate remains—- 
the meaning of which is now better understood. The lithological 
resemblance between these beds of the Line, and those of the Judith 
River, is close. 
376. Prof. Hind did not recognize the Lignite Tertiary formation in 
any partof the North-west traversed by him, while in connection with the 
Assineboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition. Dr. Hector, while 
in some doubt whether to attach the beds seen by him near the Roche 
Percée to the top of the Cretaceous, or to the Lignite basin of the Mis- 
souri, appears to regard the latter conclusion with most favour; and his 
supposition is now borne out by their fuller examination. He also 
considers Eocene Tertiary to be represented, in the upper beds of the 
Cypress Hills, and colours them as marine Tertiary in his map and sec- 
tion published in the Geological Society’s Journal. The following fossils 
were obtained in this locality: Modiola,? sp. Ostrea Veleniana, Unio, 
Cardium,? sp. ‘The existence of Tertiary strata, ascertained to be so by 
their organic remains, has only been proved at one point west of the Cy- 
press Hills, where Mr. Sullivan obtained Ostrea Veleniana, associated with 
a Modiola, and a few other fossils which Mr. Etheridge, who has named 
all the Neozoic fossils brought home, has been unable to identify. The 
beds from which the fossils were obtained, consisted of friable sandstones, 
with argillaceous and calcareous concretions, the bedding heavy and 
irregular, and often passing into incoherent pebble conglomerate. Judg- 
ing alone from the mineralogical resemblance, these beds were recog- 
nized over a considerable area, but always forming high ground in the 
neighbourhood of the Missouri Coteau, south-east from the mouth of 
Belly River.” + 
377. These remarks are interesting, as bearing on a locality not 
forty miles north of the magnificent exposures of partly marine Tertiary, 
in the banks of Milk River near the Line, and indeed, if the fossils men- 
tioned as obtained by Mr. Sullivan, were collected while on his branch 
expedition to the south,t they may have been derived from some of the 

* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., May,1875. ; 
t Exploration of British North America, p. 224. { See general map, Op. cit. 
