50 
Rubus villosus, Ait. (HicH BLACKBERRY.) 
The tall prickly form often growing ten feet high is common every- 
where. The low form is also abundant. Another more bushy va- 
riety with abundant flowers, poor fruit, and very densely covered 
with short prickles, grows at Danvers (J. H. Sears). The smooth 
form which is found at the Profile House region in New Hampshire 
does not seem to grow here. 
Rubus hispidus, 2. (Runninc Swamp-BLaCKBERRY. ) 
Common, although hardly ever found in swamps. 
Rosa Carolina, Z. (Swamp Rose.) 
Abundant along moist roadsides. 
Rosa lucida, Zhrhart. (W1Lp Ross.) 
Very common. Varying somewhat according to situation. 
Rosa rubiginosa, Z. (Swret-Brier. ) 
Common in fields and along the roadsides. (Nat. from Eu.) 
Rosa micrantha, Smith. (SMALL-FLOWERED SWEET-BRIER. ) 
‘‘ Danvers ” (Dr. Osgood’s list); ‘‘Cape Ann” (Mrs. Downs). Not 
in the county collection at the P. A. S. (Nat. from Eu.) } 
Rosa cinnamomea, cultivated in old gardens; often found in de- 
serted places. (Adv. from Eu.) 
Crategus Oxyacantha, LZ. (ENGLISH HAWTHORN.) 
‘‘Near Pranker’s mills, Saugus” (Tracy); Derby estate, Salem. 
Cultivated and established in some places. (Adv. from Eu.) 
Crateegus coccinea, L. (SCARLET-FRUITED THORN.) 
Ipswich, Topsfield, Danvers, etc. In the central and northern re- 
gion more frequent than in the southern. 
Crateegus tomentosa, Z. (Biack THORN.) 
In the region of the last. The form found in the county seems to 
be var. punctata; the leaves, however, vary considerably. 
Pirus arbutifolia, Ait., var. melanocarpa. (CHOKU-BERRY.) 
Common along roadsides in rocky places. 
Var. erythrocarpa. 
Amesbury near the Merrimac shore. 
Pirus Americana, DC. (AMERICAN MouNTAIN-ASH.) 
Essex County (Oakes); ‘‘ occasional at Lynn” (Tracy); Danvers 
(Dr. Osgood’s list). Scarce. 
Pirus aucuparia, Gertn. (EurRoPpEAN Mountatn-ASH. ) 
Often cultivated, and as the fruit is much sought by birds, the 
young trees are frequently found escaped. (Adv. from Eu.) 
Pirus malus, the Apple, and also 
Pirus communis, the Pear, have been cultivated from the earliest 
settlement of the county. The former frequently, and the latter oc- : 
casionally, are found escaped at long distances from cultivated lands. 

