ARTIFICIAL ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. XXXvii 

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Class H. MONOCOTYLEDONOUS or ENDOGENOUS 

 PLANTS. 



Stein composed of cellular tissue and scattered bundles of woody fibre 

 and vessels, destitute of proper pith, bark, or concentric layers, and in- 

 creasing in diameter by the deposition of new fibrous bundles. Leaves 

 mostly alternate, entire, and parallel-veined, commonly sheathing at the 

 base, seldom falling off by an articulation. Floral envelopes usually by 

 threes. Cotyledon single. 



# Floral envelopes none. Flowers on a spadix. 

 Stemless, floating herbs. 



Plants frond-like, with no distinction of stem and leaves. LEMNACE2E, 442 



Leaves clustered, spreading. Flowers axillary. Pistia in ARACEiE, 439 



Caulescent, leafy, rooting herbs. 

 Fruit a berry. Spadix enclosed in a spathe. ARACEiE, 439 



Fruit an achenium. Stem immersed, floating. NAIADACEiE 444 



Stem not immersed, erect. TYPHACE^, 443 



* * Floral envelopes {perianth) single or double, not glumaceous. 

 Ovary adherent to the perianth. 

 Stamens and pistil united into a column. Flowers irregular. ORCHIDACEiE, 452 



Stamens aud pistil separate. 

 Flowers monoecious or dioecious. 

 Flowers enclosed in a spathe in the bud. Aquatics. HYDROCIIARIDACE^ 450 



Flowers without a spathe. Leaves reticulate. Terrestrial vines. DIOSCOREACE2E, 474 

 Flowers perfect. 

 Ovary 1-celled. Stamens 3. Leaves minute. BURMANNIACE.E, 451 



Ovary 3-celled. Stamen 1. Flowers irregular. CANNACEjE, 465 



Stamens 3. Anthers extrorse. IRIDACE^, 472 



Stamens 3 or 6. Perianth woolly or scurfy. H^MODORACE^ 469 

 Stamens 6. Perianth smooth or hairy. AMARYLLIDACE^, 466 



Ovary free from the perianth. 

 Perianth single (calyx). 

 Flowers on a spadix. Ovary solitary. ARACEiE, 439 



Ovaries 4. Stem leafy. NAIADACEiE, 444 



Flowers on a scape, spiked. Leaves rush-like. JUNCAG1NEJE, 447 



Flowers on axillary peduncles. Leaves oval. ROXBURGHIACEiE, 479 



Perianth double (calyx and corolla). 

 Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and glume-like. JUNCACEiE, 492 



Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and not glume-like. 



Leaves ribbed and netted-veined. Fruit a berry. SMILACE^l, 475 



Leaves parallel-veined. 

 Capsule 1-celled. Stamens, or the fertile ones, three PONTEDERIACE^, 496 



Capsule or berry 3- (rarely 4 or 6-) celled. 

 Anthers introrse (except Lilium). Style single. ) LILIACE.E, 480 



Stigmas 3, nearly sessile, i 



_ „ „ % f t>leS S ' | MELANTHACEvE, 485 



Anthers extrorse (except Toneldia). Styles 3 or 1. ) 



Calyx and corolla unlike. 

 Ovaries few or numerous, forming achenia in fruit. ALISMACE/E, 447 



Ovary solitary. 



Palms. Calyx tubular. Leaves fan-shaped PALM.E. 487 



Epiphytes Plants scurfy. BROMELIACEJO. 170 



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