172 RUIilACE^:. (madder family.) 



ncatli ; cynics rather short-peduncled, 5-rayed ; fruit ovoid, blue. — Swamps, 

 common. April and May. — Shrub 8° - 12° high. 



G. V. dentatlim, L. Veins of the leaves beneath with tufted hairs in 

 their axils, otherwise smooth ; leaves round-ovate, slightly cordate, coarsely ser- 

 rate, acute, plicate by the strong impressed veins; cymes long-pcduncled, 7- 

 rayed ; calyx smooth, with the lobes obtuse; fruit small, roundish, deep blue. — 

 Rich damp soil, West Florida to Mississippi, and northward. March -May. — 

 A large shrub. 



7. V. SCabrellum, Torr & Gray. Hairy throughout, and the leaves be- 

 neath stellate-tomentose ; leaves ovate or roundish, often cordate, or rarely eune- 

 atc at the base, rather obtusely and coarsely serrate, short-petioled ; calyx-lobes 

 hairy, acute ; corolla hairy ; cymes 7 -rayed ; fruit roundish, deep blue. — Swamps 

 or rocky hills, Florida to South Carolina, in the lower districts, and westward. 

 May and June. — Shrub 8° - 12° high. Leaves thick, 1' - 2' long, or sometimes 

 twice that size. 



8. V. pubescens, Pursh. Leaves small, ovate or oblong-ovate, coarsely 

 serrate, hairy above, tomentose beneath, on very short petioles or the uppermost 

 Bubsessile ; cymes small, smoothish, 7 -rayed ; fruit oblong, black. — Mountains 

 of North Carolina. June. — A shrub 2° -3° high. Leaves l'-2' long. 



* * Marginal jlotvcrs radiant and sterile. 



9. V. lantanoides, Michx. Stem smooth and straggling ; branches, 

 cymes, and lower surface of the round-ovate, cordate, serrate leaves covered 

 with tufted down ; cymes sessile ; fruit ovoid, black. — Deep shades on the 

 mountains of North Carolina. June. — Stem 2° -4° long. Leaves 4' -6' long. 

 Sterile flowers 1' in diameter. 



Order 70. RUBIACE^E. (Madder Family.) 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves entire, opposite and united by inter* 

 posed stipule-, or whorled. — Calyx-tube adherent to the ovary, or (in 

 Loganieae) free; the limb 4 — 6-toothed or lobed, or obsolete. Corolla 

 4- 6-lobed, inserted on the throat of the calyx. Stamens 4 - 6, inserted 

 on the tube of the eorol.la, and alternate with its lobes. Ovary 2-10- 

 celled, with 1 — several anatropous or amphitropous ovules in each cell. 



.Style mostly solitary. Albumen bard or fleshy. 



Sj nopals* 



SUBORDER I. COFFEEJE. Ovules and seed solitary in the cells 

 (except No. 7). Calyx-tube adherent to the ovary. 

 J 1. Leaves whorlel. Stipules none. 



1. <;ai.iim. Corolla rotate, ralrate in the bud. Fruit 2-celled. Herbs. 



j 'J. LetTM Opposite nrelv three in a whorl, with stipules interposed. 



• Herbs. Mature frd.it dry. Flowers axillary, tingle or clustered. 



2. BPERMACOCE. Carpels 2, one Of them closed by the partition, the other open. Flowers 



clustered. 



