COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 187 



Subordkr II. LABIATIFLORiE. Corolla of the perfect flowers 



2-lipped ; the outer lip 3-lobed, the inner 2-lobed. 



No. 



Herb stemless. Scape 1 flowered. Flower nodding. . . . CUAPTALIA. 80 



Suborder III. LIGULIFLORJE. Corolla of all the flowers li- 

 gulate. 



Pappus none. Aehenia many-ribbed. , APOGOX. 81 



Pappus scaly and bristly. 



Scales of the pappus 5, with 5 intermediate bristles KRTGIA. 82 



Scales of the pappus and bristles numerous CYNTHIA. 83 



Pappus hairy. 

 Pappus tawny or dirty -white. 



Flowers erect, rose-color. Leaves filiform LYGODESMIA. 86 



Flowers erect, yellow. Aehenia beakless HIERACIUM. 84 



Flowers erect, yellow. Aehenia long-beaked PYRRIIOPAPPUS. 88 



Flowers nodding, whitish or purplish. NABALUS. 85 



Pappus clear white (except in one Mulgedium). 

 Aehenia conspicuously beaked. 



Aehenia ribbed. Stemless herbs TARAXACUM. 87 



. - Aehenia flat. Stems leafy LACTUCA. 89 



Aehenia beakless or nearly so. 



Flowers blue. Aehenia slightly beaked MULGEDIUM. 90 



Flowers yellow. Aehenia beakless SONCHUS. 91 



Suborder I. TUBIXIFLOR^. 



Tribe I. VERNONIACEJ5. Heads discoid; the flowers all tubular and per- 

 fect: tranches of the style terete, filiform, hairy all over ; the stigmatic lines only on 

 the lower part. — Herbs, with alternate leaves and purple flowers. Pectis alone 

 lias pistillate rays and yellow flowers. 



1. VERNOITIA, Schrcb. Ikon-weed. 



Heads many-flowered, the flowers all equal and tubular. Involucre shorter 

 than the flowers ; the scales closely imbricated in several rows. Receptacle 

 naked. Aehenia cylindrical, ribbed. Pappus double ; the exterior consisting 

 of very short scale-like bristles, the interior of copious capillary bristles. — Per- 

 ennial herbs, with alternate leaves, and corymbose purple flowers. 



1. V. oligophylla, Michx. Stem nearly naked; leaves rough above, 

 pubescent beneath, denticulate ; those at the base large, oval or oblong, the 

 others small, distant, lanceolate; corymb few-flowered, spreading; involucre 

 belt-shaped, the scales lanceolate, acuminate, fringed. — Damp soil, Geor- 

 gia to North Carolina, and westward. July. — Stem 2° high, sparingly 

 branched. 



2. V. OValifolia, Torr. & Gray. Stem pubescent, very leafy, corymbose- 

 branched above; leaves roughish above, pubescent beneath; the lowest ones 

 oval or oblong, toothed-serrate; the upper lanceolate and entire; involucre bell- 





