COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 209 



pubescent beneath ; racemes roundish or oblong, much shorter than the leaves, 

 the upper ones more or less racemose; heads about 10-flowered ; rays 3-4; 

 scales of the involucre smoothish, obtuse; achenia silky-pubescent. (S. flexi- 

 caulis, Ell.) — Shady woods in the upper districts. September. — Stem l°-2° 

 high, often flexuous. Leaves 3' -5' long-, 2' -3' wide. Racemes sometimes 

 louger than the leaves, 



6. S. C9esia, L. Stem slender, often branching, smooth and glaucous ; 

 leaves smooth, lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, sharply serrate ; racemes all dis- 

 tinct, roundish, much shorter than the leaves ; the lowest rarely elongated ; 

 heads about 10-flowered ; rays 3-4, large, bright yellow ; scales of the invo- 

 lucre smooth, obtuse ; achenia pubescent. — Dam]) shady woods and banks, 

 Florida and northward. September. — Stem 2° -3° high, often purple. Leaves 

 3' -5' long, \' - 1' wide. Racemes in all the upper axils. 



7. S. Curtisii, Torr. & Gray. Smoothish ; stem tall, not glaucous, 

 straight and mostly simple, striatc-angled ; leaves lanceolate or obovate-lancco- 

 late, acuminate at each end, sharply serrate above the middle, sessile ; racemes 

 dense, much shorter than the leaves ; heads 8- 12-flowered ; rays 4 - 6 ; scales of 

 the involucre oblong-linear, obtuse; achenia hoary-pubescent. — Mountains of 

 North Carolina and Tennessee. September. — Stem 2° -3° high. Leaves 

 5' -6' long. 



8. S. monticola, Torr. & Gray. Smoothish ; stem terete, simple and 

 slender, puberulent above ; leaves very thin, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 Blightly serrate ; the upper ones small and bract-like ; racemes sessile, the up- 

 permost approximate and nearly as long as the leaves; heads about 15-flow- 

 ered ; scales of the involucre linear, acute ; achenia smooth. — Mountains of 

 North Carolina, Curtis. September. — Leaves and flowers smaller than the last. 



9. S. lancifolia, Torr. & Gray. Smooth ; stem tall, simple, angled ; 

 leaves long lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, sessile ; racemes approximate, 

 peduncled, somewhat compound ; the upper ones longer than the reduced leaves ; 

 heads nearly sessile ; scales of the involucre oblong, very obtuse, minutely gran- 

 ular ; achenia hairy. — Mountains of North Carolina. September. — Stem 

 3° high. Leaves 4' -5' long. Heads large. 



*- ->- Racemes crowded in racemose or pyramidal terminal panicles, longer than the 

 leaves (except No. 15) : lowest leaves large, commonly tapering into a petiole, the 

 uppermost small, sessile and entire. 



10. S. bicolor, L. Pubescent; stem simple, or branching above; lowest 

 leaves spatulate-oblong, serrate ; the upper lanceolate ; panicle racemose, the 

 lowest racemes shorter than the leaves ; heads about 20-flowered ; rays 7 - 9, short, 

 whitish; scales of the involucre obtuse. — Dry soil in the upper district.-, and 

 northward. September. — Stem 1° - 2° high. Radical leaves 2'- 5' long. 



11. S. puberula, Nutt. Minutely pubescent; stem simple, virgate ; low- 

 est leaves spatulate-oblong, serrate above the middle ; the upper lanceolate ; 

 panicle dense, racemose or pyramidal ; heads about 30-nowered ; rays about 10; 



I f the involucre subulate ; achenia smoothish. (S. pubescens, EU.) — Dry 

 sandy soil, Mississippi, and northward. 

 18* 



