252 COMPOSITE. (composite family.) 



ribbed or angled, mnricate on the ribs ; the apex abruptly produced into a long 

 beak. Pappus of copious white bain. — Stemlcss perennial herbs. Scapes hoi- 

 low. bearing a single head of yellow flowers. Leaves all radical, oblong or 

 lanceolate, entire or pinnatifid. 



1. T. Dens-leonis, Desf. Leaves pinnatifid, the lobes acute, toothed; 

 heads showy. — Damp soil, sparingly naturalized. 



88. PYRRHOPAPPUS, DC. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre double, of numerous subulate scales ; the 

 inner ones erect and partially united, often with a callous appendage at tbe apex. 

 Receptacle flat, naked. Achenia oblong, nearly terete, 5-furrowed ; the apex 

 narrowed into a long filiform beak. Pappus of copious soft reddish or brownish 

 hairs. — Smooth annual herbs. Leaves oblong or lanceolate, commonly toothed 

 or pinnatifid. Heads solitary, terminating the naked stem or peduncle-like 

 branches. Flowers yellow. 



1. P. Carolillianus, DC. Stem branching ; leaves lanceolate, mostly 

 toothed or pinnatifid ; achenia shorter than the filiform beak. (Borkhausia, 

 Ell.) — Fields, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. April - July. — Stem 

 .1°- 2° high. 



89. LACTUCA, L. Lkttuce. 



Heads few- or many-flowered. Scales of the cylindrical involucre imbricated ; 

 the outer one.- short. Receptacle naked. Achenia compressed parallel to the 

 scales, smooth, abruptly narrowed into a filiform beak. Pappus of copious soft 

 white hairs. — Tall herbs, with entire or pinnatifid leaves. Heads paniculate. 

 Flowers white, purple, blue, or yellow. 



1. L. elongata, Muhl. Smooth or nearly so ; stem tall (4°-8°), simple 

 or paniculate : leaves elongated, lanceolate, sessile or partly clasping ; the upper 

 ones mostly entire; the lower pinnatifid ; panicle long, leafless; flowers yellow. 

 — Var. [NTEGBIFOLIA. Leaves all undivided, or the lowest pinnatifid ; flowers 

 yellow or purplish. — Var. gkamimfolia. Smaller (2°- 3°), leaves linear or 

 lineai-lanceolate. rather rigid, all entire, or the lowest ones sparingly toothed 

 or pinnatifid ; flowers purple. — Dry soil, Florida, and northward. July -Sept. 



90. MULGEDIUM, Cass. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of* the involucre imbricated, the outer rues 



short. Keceptaclc naked. Achenia smooth, laterally compressed, narrowed into 

 n short beak, which is expanded into a ciliate di>k at the apex. Pappus of co- 

 piotU white <>r tawny hairs. — Tall herbs. Leaves pinnatifid or undivided. 

 Flowers mostly blue. 



* Papjius white. 

 1. M. acuminatum, DC Smooth; stem panicled above ; leaves ovate 



or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, toothed, on winged petiole-, the lowest some- 

 times sinuate-lobcd ; heads raceme d, on spreading peduncles. (Sonchus, Ell) 





