6 . TREES AND SHRUBS 

Rhus typhina, Zinneus. STAGHORN SUMACH. Native in the Park. 
Large shrub, with branches and leaf-stalks densely velvety-hairy; fruit with 
acid, crimson hairs; wood yellow. 
ANONACEZ. Custard-Apple Family. 
Trees or shrubs; 3 sepals, 6 petals in 2 sets; stamens many, surrounding 
the fleshy pistils, which when ripe form a pulpy and often edible fruit; seeds 
large, flat, and bony. Order characterized by no special properties except 
the aromatic. 
Asimina triloba, Dunal. PAPAW. Small native tree, ranging from New 
York to Illinois and southward; fruit 3 inches long and edible. 
AQUIFOLIACEZ. Holly Family. 
Trees or shrubs; leaves simple; flowers white, small; stamens and cells of 
the ovary of the same number; a single ovule or seed suspended from the 
summit of each cell. Cultivated for the foliage chiefly. 
Ilex Aquifolium, Zizn@us. EUROPEAN Hotty. A much-branched, low, 
stiff tree, with thick, spiny-toothed leaves; flowers white and berries red. 
Neither the varieties which it has produced nor itself are entirely hardy here. 
Ilex glabra, Gray. INK-BERRY. Low native shrub, with a fondness for 
the coast; leaves coriaceous evergreen, shining above, often black-dotted 
beneath; fruit black. Common enough in New Jersey. 
* Ilex levigata, Gray. SMOOTH WINTERBERRY. A low native shrub, 
with smooth, lanceolate leaves. Common in the mountains of Pennsylvania. 
Ilex mollis, Gray. Low shrub from Burgoon’s Gap, in Central Pennsyl- 
vania; leaves thin, ovate or oblong, and soft downy on the under surface. 
Ilex opaca, Aiton. AMERICAN HOLty. A hardy, white-barked, smooth, 
native tree, with oval, wavy margined, and spiny-toothed leaves; berries red, 
conspicuous in Christmas ornaments. Has an extended range along our 
Eastern coast. 
Ilex verticillata, Gray. BLACK ALDER, WINTERBERRY. Native shrub, 
with oval, pointed leaves, which are downy on the veins beneath; white 
flowers in clusters; bright scarlet fruit, showy. Common in low grounds. 
Ilex variegata, var. Waterii, Nex falcata, and two new varieties from 
Japan appear on the Park list. 
ARALIACEE. Ginseng Family. 
Of this family but a single species need be noted here : 
Aralia spinosa, Zinneus. ANGELICA TREE, HERCULES’ CLus. Has large, 
flat-topped, compound clusters of small, perfect or imperfect, dull-colored 

