
ae TREES AND SHRUBS 

Abies Engelmanni, Parry. ENGELMANN’S SPRUCE. (Pinus commutata, 
Parlatore; Picea Engelmannt, Engelmann.) Fine tree, with dark foliage, 40 
to 100 feet high, according to situation. Ranges from British Columbia south 
to Mexico along the main mountain-chain. Requires cold situations. 
Abies excelsa, De Candolle. Norway Spruce. (Pinus Abies, Du Roi; 
Abies Picea, Miller ; Picea excelsa, Link; besides many other synonymes.) 
Leaves less than an inch long, dark green; branches numerous and drooping; 
hanging cones 5 to 7 inches long. Hardy, and commonly introduced from 
Europe, where it has a wide range. It is the “White Deal” of the English. 
There are the following varieties, most of which are in the Park: 
Altorferiana, /oofes. Originated in 1865 in the grounds of Hoopes Bro. & 
Thomas, West Chester, Pa. It is a dense globular dwarf, with crested clusters 
of sharp-pointed leaves terminating the branchlets. * brevifolia, Cris ; 
is a pigmy, with minute leaves. Carpatica, Zowdon ; leaves long and dense. 
Cephalonica, Par/atore ; compact tree, of medium size; leaves flat, rigid, 
dark green; cones § to 6 inches long; erect. This is usually known under 
the name of Picea Cephalonica, Loudon. I have placed it as a variety under 
Abies excelsa for the simple reason that Parlatore does so, though I am bound 
to say that the erect cones and disposition of the secondary branchlets (to say 
nothing of more important characters) give it a very different appearance. 
From Mount Enos, in Cephalonia. Handsome and hardy. Clanbrasiliana, 
Loudon; is a dwarf, compact shrub, produced in Ireland. * denudata, 
ffort.; with reflexed, spreading branches; leaves stout and appressed. * ele- 
gans, Loudon. eremita, Anight; has bark yellowish red; leaves short, 
reverted, and blunt-pointed. Finedonensis, Paz/,; the exposed younger 
leaves are “pale yellow or straw color at first, then bronzy brown, at last 
light green.”’ inverta, #. Smith; has branches drooping as in Weeping 
‘Willows; leaves larger and brighter than in the species. mucronata, 
Loudon; is a French dwarf, with dark-green leaves and rigid crowded 
branches. monstrosa, Loudon, has branches and branchlets thick and 
straggling. nigra, Loudon ; stout leaves, dark green; cones large. pendula, 
Loudon; the leaves are larger ‘‘ than those of the species;’’ branches and 
branchlets drooping. pyramidalis, 4o7t.; has branches crowded into a 
complete mass, the outline of which resembles a Lombardy poplar. pygmeza, 
Loudon; is a foot high, and pressed to the ground. stricta, Loudon ; is 
3 to 4 feet high, and has erect branches and slender compressed leaves, 
tenuifolia, Zoudon; has thin leaves, slender branches, and few branchlets. 
variegata, Loudon; has some of the leaves and smaller branches blotched 
with pale white or yellow, the rest remaining green. Besides the above there 
are enumerated diffusa glauca, Donetti, conica, and elata. 
Abies Fortunei, Zind/ey. INTERMEDIATE Fir. (Pinus Fortunei, Par- 
latore; Abies Fezoensis, Lindley; Picea Fortunet, Murray.) From China. 
60 feet high; leaves 1 to 1% inches long, terminating in a sharp, slender 
point; cones erect, as in Picea. 
Abies Menziesii, Loudon, MENZIES’ SPRUCE. (Pinus Menziesti, Doug- 
las; Abies Fezoensis, Siebold and Luccarini; Picea Fezoensis, Carriere.) 
Tree 60 to 75 feet high; leaves short, stiff, and very sharp-pointed ; pendulous 
cones 3 to 4 inches long. Northwest coast of America; Rocky Mountain 
region also. Hardy and of rapid growth. (The above name and distribution 
are not in accordance with Dr. Engelmann’s latest determination. ) 
Abies Mertensiana, Zind/ey. CALIFORNIA HEMLOCK-SPRUCE. (Pinus 
Mertensiana, Bongard ; Abies Albertiana, Murray, Picea Mertensiana of the 
French gardens; 7suga Mertensiana, Carriere.) Tree 100 feet high, resem- 

