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28 TREES AND SHRUBS 

Picea Nordmanniana, Loudon. NORDMANN’S SILVER Fir. (Pinus Abies, 
Du Roi, in part; Abies Nordmannia, Link; Picea pectinata leioclada, Hort.) 
Tree common in Black Sea region at a considerable elevation. Grows 100 feet 
high. Timber of good quality. Hardy here. 
Picea pectinata, Loudon. COMMON EUROPEAN SILVER Fir. (Pinus Abies, . 
Du Roi; Parlatore,in part ; Abies taxtfolia, Desfontaines ; Abies Picea, Lind- 
ley; Abies pectinata, De Candolle; Pinus Abies pectinata, Lamarck.) This 
well-known tree, so common in the Alps, is found also extensively diffused 
over Europe, except on the northern mountains. Cultivation has produced 
the following varieties: * fastigiata, Booth ; leaves small, branches erect, 
slender, compressed, resembling a Lombardy Poplar in outline. Originated 
at Metz. * pyramidalis, or¢. ; somewhat like the preceding, save that the 
ends of the branches droop slightly; of German origin. * nana, Knight; 
slow, couple of feet high; produced in France. pendula, Godfrey; has the 
branches and branchlets all drooping; is of French origin. * tortuosa, 
Booth; is a German variety, with branches and branchlets much twisted. 
variegata, //or¢., has straw-colored and green leaves variously intermixed. 
Picea Pichta, Zowdon. PITCH SILVER FIR, SIBERIAN SILVER FIR. (Pinus 
Stbirica, Turcz.; Abtes Sibirica, Ledebour,; Picea Stbirica, Hort.) Leaves 
dark green above, somewhat lighter on under surface, 1 inch long. From 
the mountains of Central Asia. Not more than 50 feet high, and with dense 
head. Perfectly hardy here. Well suited for ornamental planting. 
Picea Pindrow, Zoudon. UPRIGHT INDIAN SILVER Fir. (Pinus Pin- . 
drow, Royle; Abies Pindrow, Spach; Abies Webbiana affinis, Hort.; Picea 
Lferbertiana, Madden; Zaxus Lambertiana, Wallich.) Tree from the 
mountains of India at an elevation of several thousand feet above the sea; 
branches flat, horizontal, and in whorls (circles around the stem). Its dark o 
foliage produces a most gloomy forest. From 80 to 125 feet high. Timber 
second-rate. In the Park; but its hardiness here is very doubtful. 
Picea Pinsapo, Zoudon. PINSAPO Fir. (Pinus Pinsapo, Botssier ; Abies 
Pinsapo, Boissier.) Tree 60 to 70 feet high, from the mountains of Southern 
Spain and Northern Africa. Leaves % inch long, sharp or obtuse. Hardy 
here. The variety variegata, //or¢., has “some of the leaves and smaller 
shoots straw-colored and intermixed with the green ones.” 
Picea Veitchii, Hov¢. VEITCH’S SILVER Fir. (Pinus selenolepis, Par- 
latore ; Abies Veitchii, Lindley.) ‘Tree from 100 to 135 feet high. From the 
sacred mountain of Fusi-Yama, Japan. 
Picea Webbiana, Zoudon. Wess’s INDIAN Fir. (Pinus Webdbiana, 
Wallich, MSS.; Abies Webbiana, Lindley ; Abies spectabilis, Spach.) ‘Tree 
70 to 80 feet high. From the higher mountains of India, A tender but very 
striking tree, with purple cones 5 to 7 inches long which furnish a violet-colored 
dye. 
Pinus. The Pines Proper. Male and female flowers in different clusters 
on the same tree; the former (male) in scaly clusters, the latter (female) be- 
coming a woody cone, under the scales of which the usually winged seeds are 
found. Leaves in clusters of 2, 3, or 5 (in a single instance 1) which are 
surrounded at base by a more or less conspicuous dry thin sheath, 
Pinus Austriaca, //éss. AusSTRIAN PINE. (Pinus Laricio nigricans, 
Parlatore; Pinus nigra, Link; Pinus Laricio Austriaca, Endlicher ; Pinus 
