
— ee — Ts lene -_ 
68 TREES AND SHRUBS 

Fraxinus quadrangulata, A/ichawx. Bivue AsH. Large native tree, 
growing from Ohio to Wisconsin and southward; furnishing good timber; 
calyx remaining on the base of the flat fruit, which is oblong and winged all 
around; leaflets 4 to 7, ovate and veiny. 
7 
Fraxinus sambucifolia, Zaméert. BLACK or WATER ASH. A small 
native tree, with tough wood which is used in basket-making; fertile flowers 
without a calyx; wing extending clear around the seed of the narrowly ellip- 
tical fruit ; leaflets 7 to II, sessile. , 
* Fraxinus viridis, Afichaux the younger. GREEN ASH. A middle- 
sized native tree, with 5 to 9 ovate bright-green leaflets which are toothed 
towards the apex; acutely 2-wing-margined fruit tapering upwards gradually 
into the narrow wing. 
The group of Ash Trees is among the most troublesome of any named in 
this list. The numerous varieties, and the reckless use of old and useless coining 
of new names, combine to produce much confusion in this genus. 
Ligustrum. PRIVET or PRIM. Short funnel-form corolla, white or 
yellowish white, lobes spreading obtuse; berry black, with from I to 4 seeds; 
leaves thick, short-petioled, and entire. The common form, introduced here 
from Europe, is 
Ligustrum vulgare, Zimu@us. Its chief value is in making good and 
ornamental hedges. ‘There is also another species, L. Japonicum, 7hunderg, 
from Japan, which is characterized by broader Jeaves and larger and looser 
masses of flowers. It is not hardy here. L. coriaceum is a mere garden 
form. 
Olea. OLive. Short corolla 4-cleft, with spreading lobes; fruit 1 celled, 
1-seeded, stone hard. 

Olea illicifolia, ? is described as a very elegant evergreen. Hardy 
Japanese shrub, with holly-like leaves. 
Syringa. Lizac. Shrubs with flowers which are tubular below and 
spreading above; fruit a 4-seeded pod, flattened at right angles to the internal 
partitions ; seeds with a narrow border or margin. The large clusters of 
fragrant flowers constitute the charm of these plants. 
Syringa Josikea, Yacguin. Jostka’s LitAc. Shrub 6 to 8 feet high, 
native of Transylvania; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, wrinkled, not hairy, white 
on the lower surface; flowers bluish purple. 
Syringa Persica, Zinneus. PERSIAN LILAC. Leaves narrowly ovate; 
flowers pale lilac purple, or often pure white; border of corolla flat; flower- 
clusters not so compact as in the common species. 
Syringa vulgaris, Zinneus. ComMMOoN LILAc. Shrub from Eastern 
Europe or Persia; leaves ovate, with heart-shaped base; flower-clusters large 
and compact, flowers *Jilac;” pale violet or even white lobes moderately 
spreading. It has produced a host of beautiful varieties, now in common 
cultivation in gardens. 

