
80 TREES AND SHRUBS 

SALICACEZ. Willows and Poplars. 
Trees or shrubs with the male and female flowers separated; with only a 
single flower under each scale, but collected into scaly, often hairy, elongated 
compact clusters; neither calyx nor corolla present; leaves simple alternate. 
Wood light, and for*general purposes unimportant; bark containing a bitter 
principle which was once much and still is a little used in fever and ague. 
The young twigs and leaves form in times of great scarcity a fodder for stock, 
and from the willows basket-ware is largely made. 
Populus. PopLar. Scales of the flower-clusters cut or fringed at the 
apex; stamens several, or more; stigmas long, and leaves usually broad, from 
lance-shaped to broadly heart-shaped. 
Populus alba, Zzznz@eus. ABELE, WHITE PorPLAR. A middle-sized tree, 
introduced from Europe, but threatening to become a nuisance from its ten- 
dency to spread by the roots; buds not sticky; leaves heart-shaped, wavy- 
toothed or lobed, white cottony hairy on under surface. Used in England for 
measures, tubs, and the like, and also cut into thin strips for veneering, having 
a fine satiny gloss when finished. 
Populus angulata, 47z/oz. ANGLED CoTToNnwoop. Branches sharp- 
angled; leaves triangular heart-shaped, bluntly toothed, and on young shoots 
very large. Native tree. 
Populus balsamifera, Zzznzeus. BALSAM PoPLAR, TACAMAHAC. A 
middle-sized native tree; buds glutinous and aromatic; branchlets round or 
very slightly angled, and leaves lance-shaped or broader, but with tapering 
points. The familiar BALM OF GILEAD TREE is the variety * candicans, 
Gray, of this species. It has, however, broader leaves on hairy stalks. 
Populus grandidentata, Afichaux. LARGE TOOTHED ASPEN. A large 
native tree, with nearly round, deeply and irregularly toothed leaves, and 
the flower-scales only slightly fringed. 
Populus monilifera, Azton. CoTToNwoop, NECKLACE-PoPLAR. (/of- 
ulus Canadensis, Desfontaines, in Prodromus of De Candolle, and of which P. 
angustifolia, Yames, is considered a variety.) A large native tree, with 
round or slightly angled young branchlets, and broadly triangular large leaves, 
which are squarely cut or somewhat heart-shaped at base, and taper-pointed, 
with hard and somewhat incurved and slightly hairy teeth. 
Populus nigra, Z7zmzeus. BLACK PorLaR. From Europe. A tall tree 
of very rapid growth, with very sticky buds and nearly triangular leaves, which 
are green on both surfaces, heart-shaped at base, taper-pointed, and bluntly 
toothed. The well-known LOMBARDY POPLAR, so conspicuous for its tall 
spire and early death, though probably but a variety of this, is still known in 
grounds as Populus dilatata, 47/oz. We have only the staminate tree here. 
Populus tremuloides, AZichaux. AMERICAN ASPEN. A middle-sized 
native tree, the buds of which are not sticky; the young leaves cottony, old 
ones smooth, “ roundish heart-shaped and finely toothed.”” Populus Greca, 
Aiton, of the gardens, formerly regarded as a native .of the Mediterranean 
region, is now considered a native of this country and as coming under this 
name. 


