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 Ulmus. Em. Tree with perfect or nearly perfect flowers ; calyx 4- to 9- 
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cleft, containing 4 to 9 long stamens, and a 2-celled when young, a I-celled 
when old, fruit, which is winged all around; flowers in clusters on branches of 
the previous year, appearing before the leaves. A group of valuable trees. 
Ulmus alata, A/ichaux. WHAHOO, WINGED ELM. Small tree, native to 
the west and south of us; flowers on slender, jointed stalks; fruit oval, 2- 
toothed; leaves small, and branches with corky ridges. Notch of fruit reaching 
almost to the seed-bearing centre. 
Ulmus Americana, Zinneus. AMERICAN WHITE ELM. Large native 
- tree, with flowers and fruit much as in the last, except that the teeth of the 
fruit close up the notch, leaves also larger and thinner; branches ascending, 
branchlets recurved, slender. 
Ulmus campestris, Smith. ENGLISH ELM. Large tree, native of the 
Old World, very variable in form and in its smaller characters. Has “ rather 
short horizontal or ascending branches; leaves 2 to 4 inches long, mostly or 
soon smooth.’”’ It has produced many varieties, among which the Park has 
fastigiata, pendula, horizontalis, and punctata. 
Ulmus fulva, M/ichaux. S LippERY E_m. A middle-sized tree, native of 
the Park. Leaves rough on the upper and smoother on the under surface; 
seed-bearing part nearly or quite in the centre of the fruit; flowers not on 
slender stalks; buds rusty brown; wood tough, red, inner bark abounding in 
mucilage, used for poultices and the like. 
* Ulmus montana, Smith. Wycu ELM. Too near Ulmus campestris, 
from which it differs chiefly in having the seed-bearing portion of the fruit in 
the centre and not near the notched end. Introduced under the name of 
Scotcu ELM. 
Ulmus suberosa, the EUROPEAN CorK ELM, is regarded as a variety of 
Ulmus campestris. 
* Ulmus racemosa, 7iomas. CORKY WHITE ELM. Native tree, loving 
river-banks ; leaves smooth, flowers on slender, jointed stalks; fruit oval, 
hairy-margined; bud-scales and branches hairy or downy. 
VERBENACE. Verbena or Vervain Family. 
Petals united into a more or less irregular 2-lipped corolla; stamens of 
different lengths; ovary 2- to 4-celled, splitting when ripe into 2 to 4 one- 
seeded nutlets. An order furnishing many handsome flowers and some useful 
products. The genuine Indian Teak is a large tree which belongs here 
( Tectona grandis). The order has few if any real remedies. 
Callicarpa. Nearly regular flowers in a cluster in or above the leaf-axils; 
calyx 4- to 5-lobed ; the short corolla broadly tubular, 4- to 5-lobed, and shorter 
than the 4 nearly equal stamens. 
Callicarpa Americana, Zinnaus. FRENCH MULBERRY. Grows from 
Virginia southward; the oblong toothed leaves are scurfy downy on the under 
surface. Shrub to feet high; flowers bluish. 







