326 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 175. 



126 Other Buttercups (P) Ranunculus spp. Four or five other species, 

 introduced and native, occur in various localities; the native species in damp 

 lowlands, the introduced, in situations where goods with a large amount of 

 packing material are received from Europe. They may be recognized by 

 resemblance to those already given. One of them, the bulbous crowfoot, will be 

 likely to prove troublesome. 



127=128 Meadow=rue (P)Tkaltctrum polygamutn Muhl. and Thalidrum pur- 

 purascens L. These tall, handsome plants with their compound leaves and 

 abundant clusters of white flowers are frequently found along brooks and ditches. 

 They may be destroyed by means of hoe or spud. 



BARBERRY FAMILY, BERBERIDACE^E. 



129 Barberry (P) *Berbe?is vulgaris L. This shrub with its bristly 

 leaves, has been planted for hedges, etc , and has latterly escaped to thickets 

 and copses, notably eastward. This prevalence will increase with us and as 

 the barberry bears the cluster-cup stage (Aecidium) of the wheat rust (Puccinia) 

 its presence may aggravate rust outbreaks on wheat. Removed by grubbing. 



LAUREL FAMILY, LAURACE^E. 



130 Sassafras (P) Sassafras Sassafras (L. ) Karst. Sassafras is commonly 

 a moderate sized shrub and a great pest in the fence rows of much of the state. 

 With hickories and some others it is abundant, especially in the hilly districts. 

 Although the bark of the root is much prized in making sassafras tea, the shrub 

 is more of a pest than an ornament. The roots persist underground, sending up 

 shoots at frequent intervals. Frequent grubbing is required to destroy them; 

 they, like brush and briers, are commonly monuments of needless fences. 



POPPY FAMILY, PAPAVERACE^K. 



131 Field=poppy, Corn=poppy (A) *P*paver d'ibi-im L. The field-poppy, 

 with its lobed leaves, long, bristly stalks, club-shaped, smooth pods and light 

 scarlet, showy flowers has been introduced in crimson clover seed and no doubt 

 otherwise. It produces seeds so abundantly, that care in the destruction of all 

 plants which may be found, is to be strongly urged. Seeds small, brown, 

 introduced as stated above. The plants should be pulled up before the seeds 

 ripen, and the whole burned for efficient destruction. 



132 Prickly=poppy, Mexican Poppy (A or Yi)*Argemone Mexicana L. This 

 is a rather low plant with bright yellow flowers and large, inflated, spiny 

 pods. . It is becoming spread by escapes from gardens and possibly by being 

 sown in seeds. It is a native of Mexico, yet one finds it already on the list of 

 introduced weeds of New South Wales, Australia. The yellow juice and large 

 bladder-like prickly pods, one inch or more long and half as wide, will serve 

 to identify it. It may be killed by digging up the plants before flowering. 

 Seeds globular with straight line of attachment at side, equal to diameter, 

 which is usually about 1-12 inch; surface honey-comb pitted. 



MUSTARD FAMILY, CRUCIFER^E. 

 This family is one prolific in bad weeds. From the shepherd's-purse, a 

 common winter annual, to the perennial horse-radish it includes a long series 

 of well known pests. Perhaps thirty plants of this famil}' properly rank as 

 weeds, while about twenty-five of them must be admitted to this weed list. The 

 wonderful seed producing power of these plants, and the well known vitality of 

 mustard seeds in the soil, make the mustard tribe one of the most perplexing 

 and difficult to eradicate. With them the cultivator must use all his ingenuity, 

 both in devising methods of seed destruction and in adapting farm practice to 

 these ends. With shepherd's-purse and peppergrass to torment him in clover 



